File talk:Gray Wolf Distribution.gif

There is little room for notes associated with my latest upload of the map, therefore I will elaborate here:

Inclusion of British Columbia based on:

• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-British-Columbia-showing-the-elevation-and-distribution-of-wolf-sampling_fig5_260037025
• http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/fw/wildlife/management-issues/docs/grey_wolf_management_plan.pdf refer Figure 1

Inclusion of Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai and Gansu provinces based on:

• Andrew T. Smith, Yan Xie, Robert S. Hoffmann, Darrin Lunde, John MacKinnon, Don E. Wilson, W. Chris Wozencraft, eds. (2008). A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University press. pp. 416–418. ISBN 978-0691099842.
• Wang, Yingxiang (2003). A Complete Checklist of Mammal Species and Subspecies in China (A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference). China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, China. ISBN 7503831316.
• Plus Fan's work on their DNA analysis and relationships: Fan, Zhenxin; Silva, Pedro; Gronau, Ilan; Wang, Shuoguo; Armero, Aitor Serres; Schweizer, Rena M.; Ramirez, Oscar; Pollinger, John; Galaverni, Marco; Ortega Del-Vecchyo, Diego; Du, Lianming; Zhang, Wenping; Zhang, Zhihe; Xing, Jinchuan; Vilà, Carles; Marques-Bonet, Tomas; Godinho, Raquel; Yue, Bisong; Wayne, Robert K. (2016). "Worldwide patterns of genomic variation and admixture in gray wolves". Genome Research. 26 (2): 163–73. doi:10.1101/gr.197517.115. PMID 26680994.

William Harris (talk) 11:44, 12 February 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Gray wolf distribution amended for:

• northern India: The Himalayan wolf is found in northern India in the Ladakh region of eastern Kashmir (Lydekker, R. (1900). The Tibetan Wolf. Pages 339–340 in: The great and small game of India, Burma, and Tibet. R. Ward, London) and the Lahaul and Spiti region in the northeastern part of Himachal Pradesh.(Pocock, R. I. (1941). Canis lupus chanco Pages 86–90 in: Fauna of British India: Mammals Volume 2. Taylor and Francis, London) (Sharma, D. K.; Maldonado, J. E.; Jhala, Y. V.; Fleischer, R. C. (2004). "Ancient wolf lineages in India". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 271 (Supplement 3): S1–S4. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2003.0071. PMC 1809981 Freely accessible. PMID 15101402) It is also found in Nepal in the Upper Dolpo (Subba, S.A. (2012). "Assessing the genetic status, distribution, prey selection and conservation issues of Himalayan wolf (Canis himalayensis) in Trans-Himalayan Dolpa, Nepal" (PDF). Rufford Small Grants Foundation.) and Upper Mustang regions. (Arnold, Carrie (28 April 2016). "Woolly Wolf Spotted in Nepal Is Likely a New Species". National Geographic. Retrieved 29 April 2016.) (Sharma 2004)

• Bhutan: distribution removed. There is no evidence of wolves in Bhutan; there is evidence of wild dogs.

• China: In 2008, an authoritative reference stated that the gray wolf could be found across mainland China. (Andrew T. Smith, Yan Xie, Robert S. Hoffmann, Darrin Lunde, John MacKinnon, Don E. Wilson, W. Chris Wozencraft, eds. (2008). A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University press. pp. 416–418. ISBN 978-0691099842.) In 2017, a comprehensive study found that the gray wolf was present across all of mainland China, both in the past and today. It exists in southern China, which refutes claims made by some researchers in the Western world that the wolf had never existed in southern China. (Wang, L; Ma, Y. P.; Zhou, Q. J.; Zhang, Y. P.; Savolaimen, P; Wang, G. D. (2016). "The geographical distribution of grey wolves (Canis lupus) in China: A systematic review". Zoological research. 37 (6): 315–326.) ( Larson, Greger; Larson, Greger (2017). "Reconsidering the distribution of gray wolves". Zoological Research. 38 (3): 115. doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.021. PMC 5460078 Freely accessible. PMID 28585433) They once existed on the 2 major islands of Hainan and Taiwan, where their skins can be found in museums. (Wang 2016). It once existed in Shandong Province, but it now extinct there. (Smith 2008).

William Harris (talk) 06:18, 14 February 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Made the following amendments:

Iran: the wolf is found across Iran apart from the pure deserts. (http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.30.27 ) The two pure deserts now shaded as unoccupied.

Pakistan: The Indian wolf is found in the deserts of Cholistan, Tharparkar and lower hills of Baluchistan. (Roberts, T. J. 1997. The Mammals of Pakistan. Oxford University Press. 525 pp) These are now shaded and join the areas already shaded for the Himalayan wolf.

India: The Indian wolf population numbers are only available from Gujarat and Rajasthan (Jhala and Giles, 1991, The Status and Conservation of the Wolf in Gujarat and Rajasthan, India http://www.jstor.org/stable/2386069) and Karnataka (Distribution, status and conservation of Indian gray wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) in Karnataka, India DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00103.x) according to http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/35922 - Chapter 6, Ecological Correlates of Indian Gray Wolf. These are now shaded, and join the areas already shaded for the Himalayan wolf.

Easternmost India and Bangladesh shaded as unoccupied based on Nowak 1995. William Harris (talk) 06:35, 15 February 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Amendments based on:

• Caucasus: The wolf is found all across Georgia. (https://academic.oup.com/jhered/article/105/3/345/2960052) "The Caucasus is situated at the geographic border between Europe and Asia, with the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range constituting both biogeographic and political borders. This region is situated within the continuous distribution of the grey wolf and links populations from European Russia with these from the West Asia (Middle East)." ( http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0093828 ) Area shaded to reflect this.

• Turkey, Kyrgyzstan: Areas shaded based on distribution maps provided in The wolf in Eurasia - a regional approach to the conservation and management of a top-predator in Central Asia and the South Caucasus - 2016 ( https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310327160_The_wolf_in_Eurasia_-_a_regional_approach_to_the_conservation_and_management_of_a_top-predator_in_Central_Asia_and_the_South_Caucasus ) — Preceding unsigned comment added by William Harris (talk • contribs) 09:14, 16 February 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Amended based on: "A continental scale trophic cascade from wolves through coyotes to foxes", Newsome & Ripple, 2014 - DIO:10.1111/1365-2656.12258 refer map as Figure 1. William Harris (talk) 09:21, 17 February 2018 (UTC)[reply]