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== Toxic activity ==
In addition to a variety of irritant phorbol-type esters, the latex contains [[resiniferatoxin]] and [[tinyatoxin]], two closely related highly irritant resiniferonol-type esters.<ref name="BoDD" /> The most active [[toxin]], [[resiniferatoxin]], binds to pain receptors in the same way as [[capsaicin]] but much more powerfully. It stimulates the neurons to fire repeatedly, causing pain.
Due to its selective nature of binding and killing pain receptors while leaving other [[nerve]] cells intact, resiniferatoxin is currently being researched as a possible treatment for [[chronic pain]].
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