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'''McDermitt''' is an [[Unincorporated area|unincorporated community]] straddling the [[Nevada]]–[[Oregon]] border, in [[Humboldt County, Nevada]], and [[Malheur County, Oregon]], United States. McDermitt's economy has historically been based on mining, ranching, and farming. The last mining operation closed in 1990, resulting in a steady decline in population.<ref name=fast/>
As of the [[United States Census 2010|2010 census]], the combined population was 513. Seventy-five percent of the residents were [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian]], predominantly [[Northern Paiute]] of the [[Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation]], whose members include [[Shoshone people]].<ref name=census2010>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ |title=2010 Census Data |accessdate=2011-08-24 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013222920/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ |archivedate=October 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1 = Bengston | first1 = Ginny | last2 = SWCA Environmental Consultants | title = Northern Paiute and Western Shoshone Land Use in Northern Nevada: A Class 1 Ethnographic/Ethnohistoric Overview | work = Cultural Resources Series No 12, 2003 | publisher = US Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Nevada | date = Dec 16, 2002 | location = Reno, Nevada | pages = 32 | url = http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc/medialib/blm/nv/cultural/reports.Par.99842.File.dat/12_N_Pauite.pdf | accessdate = 2012-02-23}}</ref>
==History==
The community, originally called '''Dugout''', was named after [[Fort McDermit]]. It was named after Lt. Col. Charles McDermit,<ref name=OGN>{{cite OGN|7th|page=624}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.carson-city.nv.us/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=11839 | title = McDermit, Charles | accessdate = 2011-08-25 | format = pdf | publisher = Carson City Consolidated Municipality}}</ref> commander of the Military District of Nevada, who was killed in a skirmish in the area in 1865. It is not known why there is a discrepancy in the spelling.<ref name=OGN/> [[Fort McDermit]], which was {{convert|5|mi|km|spell=in}} outside the current township, was originally established to protect the [[stagecoach]] route from [[Virginia City, Nevada|Virginia City]] through [[Winnemucca, Nevada|Winnemucca]] to [[Silver City, Idaho|Silver City]], [[Idaho Territory]]. The stage road was the military's most important transportation route in southeast Oregon.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.blm.gov/or/resources/heritage/culwinnemucca.php | title = Winnemucca to Silver City Wagon Road | accessdate = 2011-08-26 | publisher = Bureau of Land Management}}</ref> The township of Dugout was established as support for Fort McDermit.<ref name=fast>{{cite web | url = http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/45/mcdermitt.html?page=0%2C1 | title = The Town That the Internet (Almost) Forgot | accessdate = 2012-02-23 | last = Salter | first = Chuck | date = March 21, 2001 | work = Fast Company}}</ref>
==Geography and climate==
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Significant gold mines in the nearby [[Santa Rosa Range|Santa Rosa Mountains]] were the National that produced in excess of {{convert|200000|ozt|kg|lk=out}}, and the Buckskin National that produced {{convert|24000|ozt|kg}} of gold and {{convert|300000|ozt|kg}} of silver over the period 1906–1941.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r4/resources/minerals/mine_cleanup/completed_projects/buckskin.pdf | title = Buckskin National and McCormick Group Mine/Millsites: Humboldt Toiyabe National Forest | accessdate = 2011-08-26 | format = pdf | publisher = US Forest Service}}</ref>
Current development activities that may result in renewed mining are at Cordero (gold and silver),<ref name=nevgold>{{cite web | url = http://www.nevgoldcorp.com/s/Cordero.asp | title = Cordero Property | accessdate = 2011-08-24 | publisher = Nevgold Resource Corp}}</ref> Cordero (gallium),<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.goldcanyon.ca/s/Cordero_Gallium.asp?ReportID=363062 | title = Cordero Gallium Project | accessdate = 2011-08-24 | publisher = Gold Canyon Resources Inc }}</ref> Buckskin-National (gold-silver),<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/scans/3350/33500011.pdf | title = National District | accessdate = 2011-08-24 | format = pdf | publisher = Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology}}</ref> Aurora (uranium)<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.energyventures.com.au/projects/projectsoregon.html | title = Oregon Energy | accessdate = 2011-08-24 | publisher = Energy Ventures Limited}}</ref> and Disaster Peak (gold).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://concordiaresourcecorp.com/projects/albisu/ | title = Albisu – USA | accessdate = 2011-08-24 | publisher = Concordia Resource Corporation}}</ref> The largest employers in McDermitt are the Say When Bar, Restaurant & Casino and the McDermitt Combined School.
==Points of interest==
The state line goes through the White Horse Inn, a historical landmark now being restored, which was a saloon, hotel, and (reportedly) [[brothel]].<ref>http://www.baberfamilytree.org/Notes/4.htm#138</ref> When it was open, food could be ordered and paid for in Oregon, avoiding the Nevada state [[sales tax]].<ref>http://www.scs.unr.edu/~sjbarnes/mcdermit.html</ref>
==Education==
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