1988 Epping Forest by-election: Difference between revisions
→Candidates: Another candidate stood in 1987. |
Pedia9jb6l (talk | contribs) No edit summary Tag: Reverted |
||
Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
| popular_vote1 = '''13,183''' |
| popular_vote1 = '''13,183''' |
||
| percentage1 = '''39.5%''' |
| percentage1 = '''39.5%''' |
||
| swing1 = {{decrease}} 21.5% |
| swing1 = {{decrease}} 21.5% |
||
| candidate2 = Andrew Thompson |
| candidate2 = Andrew Thompson |
||
| image2 = <div style="width:120px;"><span style="line-height:160px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color|Social and Liberal Democrats}}; font-size:35px;"> '''SLD'''</span></div> |
| image2 = <div style="width:120px;"><span style="line-height:160px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color|Social and Liberal Democrats}}; font-size:35px;"> '''SLD'''</span></div> |
||
Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} |
}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} |
||
{{Use British English|date=July 2012}} |
{{Use British English|date=July 2012}} |
||
A [[by-election]] was held in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] [[United Kingdom constituencies|constituency]] of [[Epping Forest (UK Parliament constituency)|Epping Forest]] on 15 December 1988, following the death of [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) Sir [[John Biggs-Davison]]. The result was a hold for the Conservative Party.<ref name="Result">{{Cite web |url=http://by-elections.co.uk/epping88.html |title=Result |access-date=27 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821055333/http://www.by-elections.co.uk/epping88.html |archive-date=21 August 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
A [[by-election]] was held in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] [[United Kingdom constituencies|constituency]] of [[Epping Forest (UK Parliament constituency)|Epping Forest]] on 15 December 1988, following the death of [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) Sir [[John Biggs-Davison]]. The result was a hold for the Conservative Party.<ref name="Result">{{Cite web |url=http://by-elections.co.uk/epping88.html |title=Result |access-date=27 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821055333/http://www.by-elections.co.uk/epping88.html |archive-date=21 August 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
||
==Candidates== |
==Candidates== |
||
Line 52: | Line 52: | ||
[[Martin Wingfield|Tina Wingfield]] stood under the designation of "Independent [[National Front (United Kingdom)|National Front]]" although at the time she was actually a member of the National Council of the [[Flag Group]], a breakaway party from the NF.<ref>N. Copsey, ''Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and the Quest for Legitimacy'', Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, p. 46</ref> Other candidates were Jackie Moore for the [[Make Politicians History|Rainbow Alliance]] (who added the name Change the World to her party designation) and Brian Goodier, who stood as the "Vote no Belsen for South Africans" candidate. |
[[Martin Wingfield|Tina Wingfield]] stood under the designation of "Independent [[National Front (United Kingdom)|National Front]]" although at the time she was actually a member of the National Council of the [[Flag Group]], a breakaway party from the NF.<ref>N. Copsey, ''Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and the Quest for Legitimacy'', Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, p. 46</ref> Other candidates were Jackie Moore for the [[Make Politicians History|Rainbow Alliance]] (who added the name Change the World to her party designation) and Brian Goodier, who stood as the "Vote no Belsen for South Africans" candidate. |
||
== |
==== |
||
{{Election box begin | |
{{Election box begin | |
||
|title= 1988 Epping Forest by-election<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1987.html|title=Results of Byelections in the 1987-92 Parliament|last=Boothroyd|first=David|access-date=2015-10-01|website=United Kingdom Election Results}}</ref>}} |
|title= 1988 Epping Forest by-election<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1987.html|title=Results of Byelections in the 1987-92 Parliament|last=Boothroyd|first=David|access-date=2015-10-01|website=United Kingdom Election Results}}</ref>}} |
||
{{Election box candidate with party link| |
{{Election box candidate with party link| |
||
|party = Conservative Party (UK) |
|party = Conservative Party (UK) |
||
|candidate = [[Steven Norris]] |
|candidate = [[Steven Norris]] |
Revision as of 23:36, 29 April 2024
![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constituency of Epping Forest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turnout | 49.1% (![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
A by-election was held in the House of Commons constituency of Epping Forest on 15 December 1988, following the death of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Sir John Biggs-Davison. The result was a hold for the Conservative Party.[1]
Candidates
Steven Norris was the Conservative candidate. Norris had been elected to serve as MP for Oxford East at the 1983 general election but had lost the seat in 1987. His opponent from the Labour Party was Stephen Murray. Andrew Thompson was chosen as the candidate for the recently formed Social and Liberal Democrats. Thompson had been a founder member of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) and had served as a councillor in the local area since 1984. His main campaign issues were saving a local hospital from closure and defending the green belt status of Epping Forest.[2]
The rump SDP, which had rejected the merger with the Liberal Party, also put forward a candidate, Michael Pettman. Pettman, a solicitor and local councillor, had been the candidate for the SDP in Epping Forest at the 1983 general election.[3] Both the Green Party, represented by Andrew Simms and the Official Monster Raving Loony Party, represented by party leader and serial election candidate David Sutch, contested the election as well. Sutch stood under the name "Monster Raving Loony - Liberal Birthday Party" in this election.[1]
Tina Wingfield stood under the designation of "Independent National Front" although at the time she was actually a member of the National Council of the Flag Group, a breakaway party from the NF.[4] Other candidates were Jackie Moore for the Rainbow Alliance (who added the name Change the World to her party designation) and Brian Goodier, who stood as the "Vote no Belsen for South Africans" candidate.
Result
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Steven Norris | 13,183 | 39.5 | −21.5 | |
SLD | Andrew Thompson | 8,679 | 26.0 | +6.6 | |
Labour | Stephen Murray | 6,261 | 18.7 | +0.4 | |
SDP | Michael Pettman | 4,077 | 12.2 | N/A | |
Green | Andrew Simms | 672 | 2.0 | N/A | |
Independent National Front | Tina Wingfield | 286 | 0.6 | N/A | |
Monster Raving Loony | David Sutch | 208 | 0.6 | N/A | |
Rainbow Alliance - Change the World | Jackie Moore | 33 | 0.1 | N/A | |
Vote no Belsen for South Africans | Brian Goodier | 16 | 0.0 | N/A | |
Majority | 4,504 | 13.5 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 33,415 | 49.1 | −27.2 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing |
Candidate Brian Goodier misspelt Belson on his nomination paper.[6]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Result". Archived from the original on 21 August 2009. Retrieved 27 July 2009.
- ^ "Election literature". Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ The David Owen papers Archived 27 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, available as a [sca.lib.liv.ac.uk/collections/Owen/book/PART6.DOC Word Document]
- ^ N. Copsey, Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and the Quest for Legitimacy, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, p. 46
- ^ Boothroyd, David. "Results of Byelections in the 1987-92 Parliament". United Kingdom Election Results. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ "Epping Forest 1988". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 16 October 2013.