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{{Short description|Weekly newspaper in Egypt (1977–2013)}}
{{Short description|Weekly newspaper in Egypt (1977–2013)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date= }}
{{Infobox newspaper
{{Infobox newspaper
| logo =
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'''''Al Ahrar''''' ({{lang-ar|الأحرار||the Free or the Liberal}}) was an Arabic-language weekly newspaper published in [[Cairo]], Egypt, from 1977 to 2013. The paper was the official media outlet of the Liberal Party.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Roberto Aliboni|display-editors=et. al.|title=Egypt's Economic Potential|year=2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FAQ5k5Q-L6UC&pg=PA205|location=London; New York|publisher=[[Routledge]]
'''''Al Ahrar''''' ({{lang-ar|الأحرار||the Free or the Liberal}}) was weekly newspaper published in [[Cairo]], Egypt, from 1977 to 2013. The paper was the official media outlet of the Liberal Party.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Roberto Aliboni|display-editors=et. al.|title=Egypt's Economic Potential|year=2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FAQ5k5Q-L6UC&pg=PA205|location=London; New York|publisher=[[Routledge]]
|isbn=978-1-135-08688-6|page=205}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Anthony McDermott|title=Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak (RLE Egypt): A Flawed Revolution|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hW2KiB0zV2wC&pg=PA249|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-81116-3|page=249
|isbn=978-1-135-08688-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Anthony McDermott|title=Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak (RLE Egypt): A Flawed Revolution
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hW2KiB0zV2wC&pg=PA249|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-81116-3|page=249
|location=London; New York}}</ref>


==History and profile==
==History and profile==
''Al Ahrar'' was established during the [[Sadat era]] in 1977.<ref name=Rugh2004>{{cite book|author=William A. Rugh
''Al Ahrar'' was established during the [[Sadat era]] in 1977.<ref name=Rugh2004>{{cite book|author=William A. Rugh
|title=Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics|location=Westport, CT; London|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UGfbluSa4N8C&pg=PA123|year=2004|publisher=Praeger|isbn=978-0-275-98212-6|page=123}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Mamoun Fandy|title=(Un)civil War of Words: Media and Politics in the Arab World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5QfURgCJmekC&pg=PA30|isbn=978-0-275-99393-1|page=30
|year=2007|publisher=Praeger|location=Westport, CT|author-link=Mamoun Fandy}}</ref> The first issue appeared in November that year.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Donald M. Reid|title=The Return of the Egyptian Wafd, 1978|journal=[[International Journal of African Historical Studies]]
|year=2007|publisher=Praeger|location=Westport, CT|author-link=Mamoun Fandy}}</ref> The first issue appeared in November that year.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Donald M. Reid|title=The Return of the Egyptian Wafd, 1978|journal=[[International Journal of African Historical Studies]]
|year=1979|volume=12|issue=3|page=407|doi=10.2307/218411|jstor=218411 }}</ref>
|year=1979|volume=12|issue=3|page=407|doi=10.2307/218411|jstor=218411 }}</ref>


It was one of the highest circulation papers in the country owned by a political party.<ref>{{cite web|title=Egyptian press and online media quagmire|url=http://www.beitelhiwar.com/english/discussions/107-Egyptian-press-and-online-media-quagmire.htm|work=House of Dialog|access-date=29 December 2013|author=Hany Ghoraba|date=9 October 2012|archive-date=30 December 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232830/http://www.beitelhiwar.com/english/discussions/107-Egyptian-press-and-online-media-quagmire.htm}}</ref> The weekly had a liberal political leaning and was one of the major opposition publications in Egypt.<ref>{{cite thesis|author=Neha Sahgal
It was one of the highest circulation papers in the country owned by a political party.<ref>{{cite web|title=Egyptian press and online media quagmire|url=http://www.beitelhiwar.com/english/discussions/107-Egyptian-press-and-online-media-quagmire.htm|work=House of Dialog|access-date=29 December 2013|author=Hany Ghoraba|date=9 October 2012|archive-date=30 December 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232830/http://www.beitelhiwar.com/english/discussions/107-Egyptian-press-and-online-media-quagmire.htm}}</ref> The weekly had a liberal political leaning and was one of the major opposition publications in Egypt.<ref>{{cite thesis|author=Neha Sahgal
|title=Divided We Stand, But United We Oppose? Opposition Alliances in Egypt and Pakistan|location=[[University of Maryland, College Park]]
|year=2008|url=http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8871|page=97|hdl=1903/8871|degree=PhD}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Andrew Hammond|page=237
|title=Popular Culture in the Arab World: Arts, Politics, and the Media|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O06bOHRW7s8C&pg=PA237|year=2007
|title=Popular Culture in the Arab World: Arts, Politics, and the Media|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O06bOHRW7s8C&pg=PA237|year=2007
|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-416-054-7|location=Cairo; New York}}</ref> In November 1982 ''Al Ahrar'' attacked the advertisements of the Islamic investment companies.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Saad Eddin Ibrahim|title=Egypt's Islamic Activism in the 1980s
|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-416-054-7|location=Cairo; New York}}</ref> In November 1982 ''Al Ahrar'' attacked the advertisements of the Islamic investment companies.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Saad Eddin Ibrahim|title=Egypt's Islamic Activism in the 1980s
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==Incidents==
==Incidents==
In September 1997 when the pro-Islamic biweekly ''[[Al Shaab (newspaper)|Al Shaab]]'' was banned by the government ''Al Ahrar'' run a page for it in its third page.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rival Helps Suspended Egyptian Newspaper Publish|access-date=29 December 2013|work=The Spokesman Review
In September 1997 when the pro-Islamic biweekly ''[[Al Shaab (newspaper)|Al Shaab]]'' was banned by the government ''Al Ahrar'' run a page for it in its third page.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rival Helps Suspended Egyptian Newspaper Publish|access-date=29 December 2013|work=The Spokesman Review
⚫
|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/59759/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-online-media-shows-solidarity-with-newspape.aspx|access-date=29 December 2013}}</ref>
|url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/1997/sep/13/rival-helps-suspended-egyptian-newspaper-publish/|date=13 September 1997|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> In December 2012, ''Al Ahrar'' along with others went on strike for one day to protest the draft constitution presented by the [[Egyptian government]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Egypt's online media shows solidarity with newspaper strike|work=Ahram Online|date=4 December 2012
⚫
|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/59759/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-online-media-shows-solidarity-with-newspape.aspx|access-date=29 December 2013}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 15:57, 3 May 2024

Al Ahrar
TypeWeekly newspaper
Founder(s)Liberal Party
PublisherLiberal Party
FoundedNovember 1977
Political alignmentLiberal
LanguageArabic
Ceased publication2013
HeadquartersCairo
CountryEgypt

Al Ahrar (Arabic: الأحرار, lit. 'the Free or the Liberal') was a weekly newspaper published in Cairo, Egypt, from 1977 to 2013. The paper was the official media outlet of the Liberal Party.[1][2]

History and profile

Al Ahrar was established during the Sadat era in 1977 and was based in Cairo.[3][4] The first issue appeared in November that year.[5]

It was one of the highest circulation papers in the country owned by a political party.[6] The weekly had a liberal political leaning and was one of the major opposition publications in Egypt.[7][8] In November 1982 Al Ahrar attacked the advertisements of the Islamic investment companies.[9] It supported Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's liberal and capitalist economy policies and also, fast harmony with the Western countries.[10] On the other hand, Al Ahrar was one of the major critics of Baháʼí Egyptians.[11]

As of 1996 the editor-in-chief of the paper was Mustapha Bakri who had a Nasserist political stance.[12] Due to his support for Gamal Abdel Nasser the chairman of the Liberal Party Mustafa Kamel Murad who was a member of the Free Officers movement fired Bakri.[12] Bakri attempted to continue his editorship, but was forced to resign from the post through the intervention of Egyptian security forces.[12] Al Ahrar sold 5,000 copies in 2005.[3] In 2013, the paper ceased publication.[13]

Incidents

In September 1997 when the pro-Islamic biweekly Al Shaab was banned by the government Al Ahrar run a page for it in its third page.[14] In December 2012, Al Ahrar along with others went on strike for one day to protest the draft constitution presented by the Egyptian government.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ Roberto Aliboni; et al., eds. (2013). Egypt's Economic Potential. London; New York: Routledge. p. 205. ISBN 978-1-135-08688-6.
  2. ^ Anthony McDermott (2012). Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak (RLE Egypt): A Flawed Revolution. London; New York: Routledge. p. 249. ISBN 978-0-415-81116-3.
  3. ^ a b William A. Rugh (2004). Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics. Westport, CT; London: Praeger. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-275-98212-6.
  4. ^ Mamoun Fandy (2007). (Un)civil War of Words: Media and Politics in the Arab World. Westport, CT: Praeger. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-275-99393-1.
  5. ^ Donald M. Reid (1979). "The Return of the Egyptian Wafd, 1978". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 12 (3): 407. doi:10.2307/218411. JSTOR 218411.
  6. ^ Hany Ghoraba (9 October 2012). "Egyptian press and online media quagmire". House of Dialog. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  7. ^ Neha Sahgal (2008). Divided We Stand, But United We Oppose? Opposition Alliances in Egypt and Pakistan (PhD thesis). University of Maryland, College Park. p. 97. hdl:1903/8871.
  8. ^ Andrew Hammond (2007). Popular Culture in the Arab World: Arts, Politics, and the Media. Cairo; New York: American University in Cairo Press. p. 237. ISBN 978-977-416-054-7.
  9. ^ Saad Eddin Ibrahim (1988). "Egypt's Islamic Activism in the 1980s". Third World Quarterly. 10 (2): 644. doi:10.1080/01436598808420075.
  10. ^ Hanan Hammad (2009). "Khomeini and the Iranian Revolution in the Egyptian Press: From Fascination to Condemnation". Radical History Review (105): 43. doi:10.1215/01636545-2009-003.
  11. ^ "Egyptian Press and the Industry of Bigotry" (PDF). Andalus Institute for Tolerance and Anti-Violence Studies. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  12. ^ a b c Joshua Stacher (2004). "Parties over: The demise of Egypt's opposition parties". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 31 (2): 224. doi:10.1080/135301904042000268222. S2CID 145021477.
  13. ^ "Media Situation in Egypt: Tenth report for the period January and February 2014" (Report). Al Sawt Al Hurr. 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
  14. ^ "Rival Helps Suspended Egyptian Newspaper Publish". The Spokesman Review. Associated Press. 13 September 1997. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  15. ^ "Egypt's online media shows solidarity with newspaper strike". Ahram Online. 4 December 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
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