November 16: Difference between revisions

Template:November calendar

November 16 is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 45 days remain until the end of the year.

• 534 – A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published.
• 1272 – While travelling during the Ninth Crusade, Prince Edward becomes King of England upon Henry III of England's death, but he will not return to England for nearly two years to assume the throne.
• 1491 – An auto-da-fé, held in the Brasero de la Dehesa outside of Ávila, concludes the case of the Holy Child of La Guardia with the public execution of several Jewish and converso suspects.
• 1532 – Francisco Pizarro and his men capture Inca Emperor Atahualpa at the Battle of Cajamarca.
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: British and Hessian units capture Fort Washington from the Patriots.
• 1776 – American Revolution: the United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize the independence of the United States.
• 1793 – French Revolution: Ninety anti-republican Catholic priests are executed by drowning at Nantes.
• 1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Schöngrabern – Russian forces under Pyotr Bagration delay the pursuit by French troops under Murat.
• 1822 – American Old West: Missouri trader William Becknell arrives in Santa Fe, New Mexico over a route that became known as the Santa Fe Trail.
• 1849 – A Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group; his sentence is later commuted to hard labor.
• 1852 – The English astronomer John Russell Hind discovers the asteroid 22 Kalliope.
• 1857 – Second relief of Lucknow – twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee – Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
• 1885 – Canadian rebel leader of the Métis and "Father of Manitoba", Louis Riel is executed for treason.
• 1904 – English engineer John Ambrose Fleming receives a patent for the thermionic valve (vacuum tube).
• 1907 – Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory join to form Oklahoma, that is admitted as the 46th U.S. state.
• 1907 – Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania, sister ship of RMS Lusitania, sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England to New York City.
• 1914 – The Federal Reserve Bank of the United States officially opens.
• 1920 – Qantas, Australia's national airline, is founded as Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited.
• 1938 – LSD is first synthesized by Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel, Switzerland.
• 1940 – World War II: in response to the leveling of Coventry, England by Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg.
• 1940 – Holocaust: in occupied Poland, the Nazis close off the Warsaw Ghetto from the outside world.
• 1940 – New York City's "Mad Bomber" George Metesky places his first bomb at a Manhattan office building used by Consolidated Edison.
• 1943 – World War II: American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.
• 1944 – Operation Queen, the costly Allied thrust to the Rur, is launched.
• 1944 – Dueren, Germany is destroyed by Allied bombers.
• 1945 – UNESCO is founded.
• 1965 – Venera program: the Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe toward Venus, that will be the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet.
• 1973 – Skylab program: NASA launches Skylab 4 with a crew of three astronauts from Cape Canaveral, Florida for an 84-day mission.
• 1973 – U.S. President Richard Nixon signs the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, authorizing the construction of the Alaska Pipeline.
• 1979 – The first line of Bucharest Metro (Line M1) is opened from Timpuri Noi to Semănătoarea in Bucharest, Romania.
• 1988 – The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic declares that Estonia is "sovereign" but stops short of declaring independence.
• 1988 – In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan elect populist candidate Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister of Pakistan.
• 1989 – A death squad composed of El Salvadoran army troops kills six Jesuit priests and two others at Jose Simeon Canas University.
• 1992 – The Hoxne Hoard is discovered by metal detectorist Eric Lawes in Hoxne, Suffolk.
• 1997 – After nearly 18 years of incarceration, the People's Republic of China releases Wei Jingsheng, a pro-democracy dissident, from jail for medical reasons.

• 42 BC – Tiberius, Roman emperor (d. 37)
• 1436 – Leonardo Loredan, Italian Doge of Venice (d. 1521)
• 1569 – Paul Sartorius, German composer and organist (d. 1609)
• 1603 – Augustyn Kordecki, Polish prior (d. 1673)
• 1643 – Jean Chardin, French explorer (d. 1703)
• 1715 – Girolamo Abos, Maltese-Italian composer (d. 1760)
• 1717 – Jean le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician (d. 1793)
• 1720 – Carlo Antonio Campioni, Italian composer (d. 1788)
• 1753 – James McHenry, Irish-American politician (d. 1816)
• 1758 – Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author and philologist (d. 1841)
• 1766 – Rodolphe Kreutzer, French violinist (d. 1831)
• 1811 – John Bright, English politician (d. 1889)
• 1836 – Kalākaua of Hawaii (d. 1891)
• 1839 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian poet, author, and politician (d. 1908)
• 1841 – Jules Violle, French physicist (d. 1923)
• 1847 – Edmund James Flynn, Canadian politician, 10th Premier of Quebec (d. 1927)
• 1851 – Minnie Hauk, American soprano (d. 1929)
• 1862 – Charles Turner, Australian cricketer (d. 1944)
• 1873 – W. C. Handy, American composer (d. 1958)
• 1878 – Maxie Long, American runner (d. 1959)
• 1880 – Alexander Blok, Russian poet (d. 1921)
• 1883 – Emil Breitkreutz, American runner (d. 1972)
• 1888 – Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan composer and pianist (d. 1957)
• 1889 – George S. Kaufman, American playwright (d. 1961)
• 1889 – Dietrich Kraiß, German nazi officer (d. 1944)
• 1890 – Elpidio Quirino, Filipino politician, 6th President of the Philippines (d. 1956)
• 1892 – Guo Moruo, Chinese poet, author, and historian (d. 1978)
• 1892 – Tazio Nuvolari, Italian race car driver (d. 1953)
• 1894 – Richard Nikolaus von Coudenhove-Kalergi, Austrian politician (d. 1972)
• 1895 – Paul Hindemith, German composer (d. 1963)
• 1896 – Joan Lindsay, Australian author (d. 1984)
• 1896 – Oswald Mosley, English politician (d. 1980)
• 1896 – Lawrence Tibbett, American opera singer (d. 1960)
• 1897 – Choudhry Rahmat Ali, Indian-Pakistani nationalist, created the name for Pakistan (d. 1951)
• 1899 – Mary Margaret McBride, American radio host (d. 1976)
• 1904 – Nnamdi Azikiwe, Nigerian politician, 1st President of Nigeria (d. 1996)
• 1905 – Eddie Condon, American guitarist (d. 1973)
• 1907 – Burgess Meredith, American actor (d. 1997)
• 1909 – Mirza Nasir Ahmad, Indian-Pakistani 3rd Caliph of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (d. 1982)
• 1914 – Eddie Chapman, English spy (d. 1997)
• 1915 – Alphonse "Bois Sec" Ardoin, American accordionist (d. 2007)
• 1915 – Jean Fritz, American author
• 1916 – Daws Butler, American voice actor (d. 1988)
• 1916 – Al Lucas, Canadian bassist (d. 1983)
• 1922 – Gene Amdahl, American computer scientist, founded the Amdahl Corporation
• 1922 – José Saramago, Portuguese author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
• 1924 – Mel Patton, American sprinter
• 1925 – Gianfranco Dell'Innocenti, Italian footballer (d. 2012)
• 1927 – Dolo Coker, American pianist and composer (d. 1983)
• 1928 – Clu Gulager, American actor and director
• 1930 – Chinua Achebe, Nigerian author, poet and academic
• 1930 – Paul Foytack, American baseball player
• 1930 – Salvatore Riina, Italian mobster
• 1931 – Luciano Bottaro, Italian illustrator (d. 2006)
• 1931 – Hubert Sumlin, American singer and guitarist (d. 2011)
• 1933 – Garnet Mimms, American singer
• 1935 – Elizabeth Drew, American journalist and author
• 1935 – Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah, Iraqi-Lebanese Shiite Muslim cleric and Hezbollah mentor (d. 2010)
• 1936 – John Moore, Australian politician
• 1938 – Robert Nozick, American philosopher (d. 2002)
• 1940 – Donna McKechnie, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1941 – Gerry Marshall, English race car driver (d. 2005)
• 1941 – Dan Penn, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1942 – Willie Carson, Scottish jockey
• 1942 – Joanna Pettet, English actress
• 1944 – Oliver Braddick, English psychologist
• 1946 – Terence McKenna, American ethnobotanist, philosopher, and author (d. 2000)
• 1946 – Jo Jo White, American basketball player
• 1946 – Ole Olsen, Danish Speedway rider, World champion 1971,1975 and 1978. GP speedway creator
• 1947 – Omar Ruiz Hernández, Cuban journalist
• 1947 – Ebby Thust, German boxing promoter
• 1948 – Horst Bertram, German footballer
• 1948 – Bonnie Greer, American-English playwright and critic
• 1948 – Chi Coltrane, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1949 – Arrow, Montserratian singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
• 1950 – David Leisure, American actor
• 1950 – John Swartzwelder, American screenwriter and author
• 1951 – Miguel Sandoval, American actor
• 1952 – Peter Keefe, American television producer (d. 2010)
• 1952 – Robin McKinley, American author
• 1952 – Shigeru Miyamoto, Japanese video game designer, created Mario and The Legend of Zelda
• 1953 – Griff Rhys Jones, Welsh comedian, actor, and author
• 1954 – Andrea Barrett, American author
• 1954 – Luis Conte, Cuban drummer (Jaguares and Pat Metheny Group)
• 1954 – Bruce Edwards, American golf caddy (d. 2004)
• 1954 – Dick Gross, Australian politician
• 1955 – Pierre Larouche, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1955 – Herbert Oberhofer, Australian footballer (d. 2012)
• 1956 – Terry Labonte, American race car driver
• 1957 – Jacques Gamblin, French actor
• 1958 – Marg Helgenberger, American actress
• 1958 – Boris Krivokapić, Serbian academic and author
• 1961 – Frank Bruno, English boxer
• 1961 – Corinne Hermès, French singer
• 1962 – Mani, English bass player (The Stone Roses, Primal Scream, and Freebass)
• 1962 – Josh Silver, American keyboard player and producer (Type O Negative and Fallout)
• 1963 – Steve Argüelles, English drummer and producer
• 1963 – Meenakshi Seshadri, Indian actress
• 1964 – Dwight Gooden, American baseball player
• 1964 – Diana Krall, Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1964 – Harry Lennix, American actor
• 1964 – Maeve Quinlan, American actress
• 1964 – Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Italian-French actress
• 1965 – Mika Aaltonen, Finnish footballer
• 1965 – Mark Benton, English actor
• 1966 – Joey Cape, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Me First and the Gimme Gimmes, Lagwagon, Bad Astronaut, The Playing Favorites, and Scorpios)
• 1966 – Dave Kushner, American guitarist (Velvet Revolver, Electric Love Hogs, Loaded, and DKFXP)
• 1966 – Christian Lorenz, German keyboardist (Rammstein and Feeling B)
• 1966 – Dean McDermott, Canadian actor
• 1966 – Tahir Shah, English journalist, author, and explorer
• 1967 – Craig Arnold, American poet
• 1967 – Lisa Bonet, American actress
• 1968 – Vlado Šola, Croatian handball player
• 1968 – Melvin Stewart, American swimmer
• 1970 – Logan Mader, Canadian-American guitarist and producer (Machine Head)
• 1970 – Martha Plimpton, American actress
• 1971 – Tanja Damaske, German javelin thrower
• 1971 – Mustapha Hadji, Moroccan footballer
• 1971 – Alexander Popov, Russian swimmer
• 1971 – Rikdo Koshi, Japanese illustrator
• 1971 – Waqar Younis, Pakistani cricketer
• 1972 – Missi Pyle, American actress and singer (Smith & Pyle)
• 1973 – Christian Horner, F1 Team Principal
• 1973 – Brendan Laney, Scottish rugby player
• 1974 – Eric Judy, American bass player (Modest Mouse)
• 1974 – Maurizio Margaglio, Italian ice dancer
• 1974 – Paul Scholes, English footballer
• 1975 – Julio Lugo, Dominican baseball player
• 1976 – Mario Barravecchia, Belgian singer
• 1976 – Juha Pasoja, Finnish footballer
• 1976 – Danny Wallace, Scottish comedian, actor, and author
• 1976 – Martijn Zuijdweg, Dutch swimmer
• 1977 – Oksana Baiul, Ukrainian figure skater
• 1977 – Maggie Gyllenhaal, American actress
• 1977 – Mauricio Ochmann, Mexican actor
• 1978 – Kip Bouknight, American baseball player
• 1978 – Gary Naysmith, Scottish footballer
• 1978 – Carolina Parra, Brazilian guitarist and drummer (CSS)
• 1979 – Tony Frias, American footballer
• 1979 – Bruce Irons, American surfer
• 1980 – Kayte Christensen, American basketball player
• 1980 – Nicole Gius, Italian skier
• 1980 – Moris Carrozzieri, Italian footballer
• 1980 – Carol Huynh, Canadian wrestler
• 1981 – Allison Crowe, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1981 – Caitlin Glass, American voice actress and singer
• 1981 – Kate Miller-Heidke, Australian singer-songwriter
• 1981 – Osi Umenyiora, English-American football player
• 1982 – Jannie du Plessis, South African rugby player
• 1982 – Ronald Pognon, French sprinter
• 1982 – Amar'e Stoudemire, American basketball player
• 1983 – K, South Korean-Japanese singer
• 1983 – Chris Gocong, American football player
• 1983 – Kari Lehtonen, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1983 – Britta Steffen, German swimmer
• 1984 – Gemma Atkinson, English actress
• 1984 – Kimberly J. Brown, American actress
• 1984 – Mark Bunn, English footballer
• 1986 – Saeko, Japanese actress
• 1986 – Maxime Médard, French rugby player
• 1988 – Siva Kaneswaran, Irish singer and model (The Wanted)
• 1991 – Tomomi Kasai, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48)
• 1995 – Noah Gray-Cabey, American actor

• 498 – Pope Anastasius II
• 1093 – Saint Margaret of Scotland (b. 1045)
• 1240 – Edmund Rich, English archbishop (b. 1175)
• 1272 – Henry III of England (b. 1207)
• 1328 – Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (b. 1276)
• 1613 – Trajano Boccalini, Italian satirist (b. 1556)
• 1628 – Paolo Quagliati, Italian composer (b. c. 1555)
• 1632 – Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (b. 1594)
• 1695 – Pierre Nicole, French philosopher (b. 1625)
• 1724 – Jack Sheppard, English criminal (b. 1702)
• 1745 – James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, Irish soldier and politician (b. 1665)
• 1773 – John Hawkesworth, English author (b. 1715)
• 1779 – Pehr Kalm, Finnish explorer and botanist (b. 1716)
• 1790 – Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, American politician (b. 1723)
• 1797 – Frederick William II of Prussia (b. 1744)
• 1802 – André Michaux, French botanist and explorer (b. 1746)
• 1806 – Moses Cleaveland, American general, lawyer and politician, founded Cleveland, Ohio (b. 1754)
• 1836 – Christiaan Hendrik Persoon, Dutch mycologist (b. 1761)
• 1878 – Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1874)
• 1884 – František Chvostek, Moravian physician (b. 1835)
• 1885 – Louis Riel, Canadian politician (b. 1844)
• 1903 – Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (b.1895)
• 1907 – Robert I, Duke of Parma (b. 1848)
• 1908 – Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière, French-Canadian politician, 4th Premier of Quebec (b. 1829)
• 1911 – A. A. Ames, American politician, Mayor of Minneapolis (b. 1842)
• 1911 – Lawrence Feuerbach, American shot putter (b. 1879)
• 1922 – Max Abraham, German physicist (b. 1875)
• 1939 – Pierce Butler, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1866)
• 1947 – Giuseppe Volpi, Italian businessman and politician, founded the Venice Film Festival (b. 1877)
• 1950 – Bob Smith, American physician and surgeon, co-founded Alcoholics Anonymous (b. 1879)
• 1956 – Ōtori Tanigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 24th Yokozuna (b. 1887)
• 1960 – Clark Gable, American actor (b. 1901)
• 1961 – Sam Rayburn, American politician (b. 1882)
• 1971 – Edie Sedgwick, American model and actress (b. 1940)
• 1972 – Vera Karalli, Russian ballerina and actress (b. 1889)
• 1973 – Alan Watts, English-American philosopher (b. 1915)
• 1974 – Walther Meissner, German physicist (b. 1882)
• 1980 – Jayan, Indian actor (b.1938)
• 1982 – Pavel Alexandrov, Russian mathematician (b. 1896)
• 1982 – Arthur Askey, English comedian and actor (b. 1900)
• 1982 – Lenny Murphy, Irish activist (b. 1952)
• 1984 – Vic Dickenson, American trombone player (b. 1906)
• 1986 – Siobhán McKenna, Irish actress (b. 1923)
• 1987 – Jim Brewer, American baseball player (b. 1937)
• 1987 – Zubir Said, Singaporean composer (b. 1907)
• 1989 – Jean-Claude Malépart, Canadian politician (b. 1938)
• 1993 – Lucia Popp, Slovakian soprano (b. 1939)
• 1993 – Achille Zavatta, Tunisia-French clown (b. 1915)
• 1994 – Chet Powers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Quicksilver Messenger Service) (b. 1943)
• 1994 – Doris Speed, English actress (b. 1899)
• 1999 – Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1928)
• 2000 – Joe C., American rapper (b. 1974)
• 2000 – Ahmet Kaya, Turkish singer-songwriter (b. 1957)
• 2000 – DJ Screw, American rapper and DJ (Screwed Up Click) (b. 1971)
• 2001 – Tommy Flanagan, American pianist (b. 1930)
• 2003 – Bettina Goislard, French relief worker (b. 1974)
• 2004 – Margaret Hassan, Irish aid worker (b. 1945)
• 2005 – Henry Taube, Canadian-American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
• 2005 – Preston Robert Tisch, American businessman (b. 1926)
• 2005 – Donald Watson, English activist, founded the Vegan Society (b. 1910)
• 2006 – Milton Friedman, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
• 2006 – Yuri Levada, Russian sociologist (b. 1930)
• 2007 – Harold Alfond, American businessman (b. 1914)
• 2007 – Grethe Kausland, Norwegian actress and singer (b. 1947)
• 2007 – Trond Kirkvaag, Norwegian comedian, actor, and author (b. 1946)
• 2007 – Vernon Scannell, British poet and author (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Reg Varney, English actor (b. 1916)
• 2009 – Antonio de Nigris, Mexican footballer (b. 1978)
• 2009 – Sergei Magnitsky, Russian lawyer (b. 1972)
• 2009 – Edward Woodward, English actor and singer (b. 1930)
• 2010 – Britton Chance, American biologist and sailor (b. 1913)
• 2010 – Ronni Chasen, American publicist (b. 1946)
• 2010 – Donald Nyrop, American businessman (b. 1912)
• 2010 – Wyngard Tracy, Filipino talent manager (b. 1952)
• 2012 – Leo Blair, English academic and author (b. 1923)
• 2012 – John Chapman, Australian evangelist (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Subhash Dutta, Bangladeshi actor and director (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Patrick Edlinger, French mountaineer (b. 1960)
• 2012 – Jefferson Kaye, American radio announcer (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Aliu Mahama, Ghanaian politician, 3rd Vice President of Ghana (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Eliyahu Nawi, Iraqi-Israeli politician and jurist (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Bob Scott, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1921)
• 2012 – William Turnbull, Scottish sculptor and painter (b. 1922)

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Edmund of Abingdon
  • Eucherius of Lyon
  • Gertrude the Great (Roman Catholic church)
  • Lebuinus
  • Margaret of Scotland
  • Matthew the Evangelist (Eastern Christianity)
  • Saint Othmar
  • November 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Day of Declaration of Sovereignty (Estonia)
• Day of Repentance and Prayer or Buß- und Bettag (the Protestant church bodies of Lutheran, Reformed (Calvinist) and United. A school holiday in Saxony and Bavaria)
• Icelandic Language Day or Dagur íslenskrar tungu (Iceland)
• International Day for Tolerance (International)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to November 16.

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada