History of public transport ticketing in New South Wales

The Automated Fare Collection System (AFC) is the name given to three interoperable automated ticketing systems for government-run buses, trains and ferries in and around Sydney, Australia.^{[citation needed]}

The system, developed by AES Prodata (now ERG Transit Systems), is based on cardboard magnetic stripe tickets featuring a magnetic stripe on one side and printed journey information on the other.

The Automated Fare Collection System was introduced by the State Transit Authority of New South Wales and CityRail between 1988 and 1993. From 2007, it will be progressively replaced with a smartcard-based system called Tcard, which will incorporate more transit operators.

History

Magnetic tickets were first used in Sydney on the Eastern Suburbs Railway line, from 1979 onwards. Integrated bus-rail tickets were also available for this line. An automated multi-ride ticket system called MetroTen, based on optical mark recognition rather than magnetic stripe technology, was used on Sydney's government buses from 1987 until 1992. In general, however, Sydney commuters used paper tickets specific to the mode of transport on which they were purchased until the early 1990s.

Automated Fare Collection System tickets were introduced on ferry services provided by State Transit between 1988 and 1989, replacing a system of token coins and turnstiles. State Transit installed ticket vending machines and ticket barriers at Circular Quay and Manly, the main wharves in its network. The operation of the ferries ticketing system was the focus of a corruption inquiry in 1999.

On 31 August 1992, State Transit introduced automated fare collection to its Sydney and Newcastle bus networks as the State Transit Automated Ticketing System, or STATS. STATS replaced a limited multi-ride ticketing system called MetroTen, which was easily and frequently defrauded by passengers. Of the "el cheapo Metroten ticketing system that the former Labor Government installed", then transport minister Bruce Baird told Parliament that "Many people know that rorting has gone on" and "The system is outdated and has outlived its usefulness."

The change was heralded by the installation of two green ticket validators in each of State Transit's 1600 buses.

Tackling fare evasion was also at the heart of automated ticketing on the rail network. Baird told Parliament that under the Wran and Unsworth governments, "between 10 and 20 per cent" were checked and that this had risen to "between 50 per cent and 60 per cent" since the Greiner government took office. "With automatic fare collection," Baird told Parliament, "85 per cent of all tickets will be checked regularly. It is estimated that somewhere in the range of $20 million to $30 million each year will be collected by way of revenue that should have been paid for travel on State Rail."

CityRail's adoption of automated ticketing was more fraught, occurring late and over budget. Officials blamed the size of the rail system. While the State Transit equipped two stops—Circular Quay and Manly—with ticket vending machines, CityRail was required to outfit almost 300 stations with them. The government was forced to allay fears that automated ticketing would mean that more stations would have staffing withdrawn once vending machines were in place.

Automatic ticketing, including vending machines and ticket barriers, was introduced to the CItyRail network over 12 months between July 1992 and July 1993, at a cost of some $90 million. Baird estimated that reduced fare evasion would net "in the range of $20 million to $30 million each year".

Tickets

Multi-modal

TravelPass
DayTripper
Pensioner Excursion
Blue Montains ExplorerLink
TramLink
BusPlus

Train

Single
Return
Off Peak Return
7 Day RailPass
FlexiPass

Bus

TravelTen (Sydney)
2 Zone TravelPass
BusTripper
TimeTen (Newcastle)

Single bus tickets are printed on thermal paper and do not carry a magnetic stripe.

Ferry

Single
FerryTen
ZooPass
AquariumPass

References