Cafeteria plan

A cafeteria plan is a type of employee benefit plan offered in the United States pursuant to Section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code. Its name comes from the earliest such plans that allowed employees to choose between different types of benefits, similar to a cafeteria.

Employees of employers with cafeteria plans may obtain such benefits as health insurance, group-term life insurance, and flexible spending accounts through the plan. Though some cafeteria plans offer an explicit choice of cash or benefits, most today are operated through a "salary reduction agreement", which is a payroll deduction in all but name. Deductions under such agreements are often called pre-tax deductions. Salary reduction contributions are not actually or constructively received by the participant. Therefore, those contributions are not considered wages for federal income tax purposes. In addition, those sums generally are not subject to FICA, and FUTA.

Reasons for implementing a Section 125 plan are primarily for the tax savings advantages for the employer and employee. Both parties save on taxes and therefore increase their spendable income. Employees pretax contributions are not subject to federal, state, or social security taxes. Generally employees save from $.25 to $.50 in taxes for every dollar they contribute. Employers save on the employer portion of FICA, FUTA, and Workers' Compensation premiums. It is generally thought that employers experience a renewed appreciation from their employees. The company, in effect, is giving the employee a "raise" without the cost of the raise coming from the employer.

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This tax-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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• IRS: Section 125 FAQ
• Total Administrative Services Corporation - "FlexSystem" Section 125 Cafeteria Plan