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Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED displays

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This is a page that lists advatages and disadvantages with CRT, OLED, LCD and Plasma.

Comparison

CRT

Pros:

  • High dynamic range (up to around 15,000:1),[1] excellent color, wide gamut and low black level. The color range of CRTs is unmatched by any display type except OLED.
  • Can display natively in almost any resolution and refresh rate
  • No input lag
  • No ghosting and smearing artifacts during fast motion due to sub-millisecond response times, and impulse based operation.
  • Near zero color, saturation, contrast or brightness distortion.
  • Allows the use of light guns/pens
  • Excellent viewing angle

Cons:

  • Large size and weight, especially for bigger screens (a 20-inch unit weighs about 50 lb (23 kg))
  • High power consumption
  • Generates a considerable amount of heat when running
  • Geometric distortion caused by variable beam travel distances
  • Can suffer screen burn-in
  • Produces noticeable flicker at low refresh rates.
  • Normally only produced in 4:3 aspect ratio (though some widescreen ones, notably Sony's FW900, do exist)
  • Hazardous to repair/service
  • Effective vertical resolution limited to 1024 scan lines.
  • Color displays cannot be made in sizes smaller than 7 inches (5 inches for monochrome). Maximum size is around 24 inches (for computer monitors; televisions run up to 60 inches).

LCD

Pros:

  • Very compact and light
  • Low power consumption
  • No geometric distortion
  • Little or no flicker depending on backlight technology
  • Not affected by screen burn-in
  • No high voltage or other hazards present during repair/service
  • Can be made in almost any size or shape
  • No theoretical resolution limit

Cons:

  • Limited viewing angle, causing color, saturation, contrast and brightness to vary, even within the intended viewing angle, by variations in posture.
  • Bleeding and uneven backlighting in some monitors, causing brightness distortion, especially toward the edges.
  • Smearing and ghosting artifacts during fast motion caused by slow response times (2-8 ms) and "sample and hold" operation.
  • Only one native resolution. Displaying resolutions either requires a video scaler, lowering perceptual quality, or display at 1:1 pixel mapping, in which images will be physically too large or won't fill the whole screen.
  • Fixed bit depth, many cheaper LCDs are only able to display 262,000 colors. 8-bit S-IPS panels can display 16 million colors and have significantly better black level, but are expensive and have slower response time
  • Input lag
  • Dead pixels may occur either during manufacturing or through use.
  • In a constant on situation, thermalization may occur, which is when only part of the screen has overheated and therefore looks discolored compared to the rest of the screen.
  • Not all LCD displays are designed to allow easy replacement of the backlight
  • Cannot be used with light guns/pens

Plasma

Pros:

  • High contrast ratios (10,000:1 or greater,) excellent color, and low black level.
  • Virtually no response time
  • Near zero color, saturation, contrast or brightness distortion. Excellent viewing angle.
  • No geometric distortion.
  • Softer and less blocky-looking picture than LCDs
  • Highly scalable, with less weight gain per increase in size (from less than 30 in (760 mm) wide to the world's largest at 150 in (3,800 mm)).

Cons:

  • Large pixel pitch, meaning either low resolution or a large screen. As such, color plasma displays are only produced in sizes over 32 inches.
  • Image flicker due to being phosphor-based
  • Heavy weight
  • Glass screen can induce glare and reflections
  • High operating temperature and power consumption
  • Only has one native resolution. Displaying other resolutions requires a video scaler, which degrades image quality at lower resolutions.
  • Fixed bit depth. Plasma cells can only be on or off, resulting in a more limited color range than LCDs or CRTs.
  • Can suffer image burn-in. This was a severe problem on early plasma displays, but much less on newer ones
  • Cannot be used with light guns/pens
  • Dead pixels are possible during manufacturing

OLED

Pros:

Cons:

  • Can suffer image burn-in.

References