Archbishop of Cologne
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City of Cologne |
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The Elector of Cologne was from 1356 to 1801 one of the electors of the Holy Roman Empire.
To date, there were 94 bishops and archbishops of Cologne. Seven of them resigned from office through impeachment by waiver and four. Eight were before they took office, seven coadjutors were appointed freely by the Pope. Eight of them were at the same time as the cardinal archbishops, one moved to the Curia, where he became a cardinal. Six archbishops were chairman of the German Bishops' Conference.
Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne
Bishops of Colonia Agrippina, 88–784
All names before Maternus ('II') are to be approached with considerable scepticism since no contemporary evidence is available. Maternus was present at a council in Rome in 313. The bishops between Severinus and Charentius are also apocryphal. Domitianus was bishop of Maastricht (Mosa Traiectum). The given dates of office before bishop Gunther are also conjectural at best.
- Maternus I c. 88–128
- Paulinus
- Marcellinus ?
- Aquilinus
- Levoldus ? c. 248–285
- Maternus II c. 285–315
- Euphrates c. 315–348
- Severinus c. 348–403
- Ebergisil I ? c. 403–440
- Solatius c. 440–470
- Sunnovaeus c. 470–500
- Domitianus fl. c. 535
- Charentinus fl. c. 570
- Eberigisil II ? c. 580–600 ?
- Remedius c. 600 ? –611 ?
- Solatius c. 611 ? –622
- Cunibert c. 623–663
- Bodatus c. 663–674
- Stephen 674–680
- Adelwin 680–695
- Giso 695–708
- Anno I 708–710
- Faramund 710–713
- Agilolf 713–717
- Reginfried 718–747
- Hildegar 747–753
- Bertholm 753–763
- Rikulf 763–784
Archbishops of Cologne, 784–1238
- Hildebold 784–818
- Hadbold 818–842
- Hildwin 842–849
- Günther 850–864
- Hugo Welf 864
- Wilbert 870–889
- Hermann I 890–924
- Wigfried 924–953
- Bruno I 953–965
- Volkmar 965–969
- Gero 969–976
- Warin 976–984
- Ebergar 984–999
- Heribert 999–1021
- Pilgrim 1021–1036
- Hermann II 1036–1056
- Anno II 1056–1075
- Hildholf 1076–1078
- Sigwin 1078–1089
- Hermann III 1089–1099
- Friedrich I 1100–1131
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- Bruno II von Berg 1131–1137
- Hugo von Sponheim 1137
- Arnold I 1138–1151
- Arnold II von Wied 1152–1156
- Friedrich II von Berg 1156–1158, nephew of Bruno II von Berg above
- Rainald of Dassel 1159–1167
- Philipp von Heinsberg 1167–1191, he gained the title of Duke of Westphalia and Angria in 1180, from then on held in personal union by all incumbents of the Cologne see until 1803.
- Bruno III von Berg 1191–1192, brother of Friedrich II above
- Adolf I von Berg 1192–1205, nephew of Bruno III above
- Bruno IV von Sayn 1205–1208 (in opposition)
- Dietrich I von Hengebach 1208–1215 (in opposition)
- Engelbert II von Berg 1216–1225, nephew of Bruno III above
- Heinrich I von Mulnarken 1225–1237
Archbishop-Electors of Cologne, 1238–1803
Image | Name | From | To | Notes |
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Konrad von Hochstaden | 1238 | 1261 | ||
Engelbert II von Falkenstein | 1261 | 1274 | ||
Siegfried II of Westerburg | 1274 | 1297 | ||
Wikbold I von Holte | 1297 | 1304 | ||
Heinrich II von Virneburg | 1304 | 1332 | ||
Walram von Jülich | 1332 | 1349 | ||
Wilhelm von Gennep | 1349 | 1362 | First Elector of Cologne under the Golden Bull of 1356 | |
Adolf II von der Marck | 1363 | 1363 | ||
Engelbert III von der Marck | 1364 | 1369 | ||
Kuno von Falkenstein | 1370 | 1371 | ||
Friedrich III von Saarwerden | 1372 | 1414 | ||
Dietrich II von Moers | 1414 | 1463 | ||
Ruprecht of the Palatinate | 1463 | 1480 | ||
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Hermann IV of Hesse | 1480 | 1508 | |
Philip II of Daun-Oberstein | 1508 | 1515 | ||
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Hermann V von Wied | 1515 | 1546 | Sought to reform religious practice in the Electorate; converted to Protestantism; deposed and excommunicated. |
Adolf III of Schauenburg | 1546 | 1556 | ||
Anton of Schauenburg | 1556 | 1558 | ||
Gebhard I von Mansfeld-Vorderort | 1558 | 1562 | A founding member of the Schmalkaldic League | |
Friedrich IV of Wied | 1562 | 1567 | ||
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Salentin von Isenburg-Grenzau | 1567 | 1577 | Upon the deaths of his younger and older brothers, there were no more brothers to carry on the family name; he left Church administration in 1577, married, had two sons, and conducted a successful military career. He died in 1610. |
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Gebhard II Truchsess von Waldburg | 1577 | 1583 | Converted to Calvinism in 1582; married Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben (cousin once removed of the archbishop and Prince-Elector Gebhard I von Mansfeld-Vorderort); Competing archbishop elected;Cologne War war decides the outcome. |
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Ernest of Bavaria | 1583 | 1612 | Brother of William V, Duke of Bavaria; Papal Nunciature established permanently in Cologne. |
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Ferdinand of Bavaria | 1612 | 1650 | Brother of Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, nephew of Ernest of Bavaria. Principle of Secundogeniture. |
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Maximilian Henry of Bavaria | 1650 | 1688 | First cousin of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria |
Joseph Clemens of Bavaria | 1688 | 1723 | Brother of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria. Put under Imperial ban for siding with France in the War of the Spanish Succession. | |
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Clemens Augustus I of Bavaria | 1723 | 1761 | Brother of Charles, Elector of Bavaria and Emperor. Last Wittelsbach to hold the office. |
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Maximilian Frederick of Königsegg-Rothenfels | 1761 | 1784 | |
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Maximilian Franz of Austria | 1784 | 1801 | The electorate's left-bank territories were seized and annexed by France in 1795 |
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Anton Viktor of Austria | 1801 | 1803 | The electorate's remaining territories were secularized and given to the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1803. |
Modern Archbishops of Cologne, 1824 to date
- Ferdinand August von Spiegel 1824–1835
- Clemens August II Droste zu Fischering 1835–1845
- Johannes von Geissel 1845–1864
- Paul Melchers 1866–1885
- Philipp Krementz 1885–1899
- Anton Hubert Fischer 1902–1912
- Felix von Hartmann 1912–1919
- Karl Joseph Schulte 1920–1941
- Josef Frings 1942–1969
- Joseph Höffner 1969–1987
- Joachim Meisner 1988–present
External links
- Template:De icon List of Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne Archdiocese of Cologne (Erzbistum Köln)
- Template:En icon List of Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom)