Rizal (province)

Rizal Lalawigan ng Rizal
Province
(From top, left to right): Wawa Dam in Rodriguez, SM City Taytay, Jalajala, Ynares Center in Antipolo, Rizal Provincial Capitol, San Ildefonso Church in Tanay (From top, left to right): Wawa Dam in Rodriguez, SM City Taytay, Jalajala, Ynares Center in Antipolo, Rizal Provincial Capitol, San Ildefonso Church in Tanay
Flag Seal
Motto:  "BEST FOR RIZAL"
Map of the Philippines with Rizal highlighted
Country	Philippines
Region	CALABARZON (Region IV-A)
Founded	June 11, 1901
Capital	Antipolo City
Government
• Type	Province of the Philippines
• Governor	Casimiro A. Ynares III, M.D. (NPC)
• Vice Governor	Frisco M. San Juan(NPC)
Area
• Total	1,175.8 km2 (454.0 sq mi)
• Rank	73rd out of 80
Population  (2010)
• Total	2,484,840
• Rank	6th out of 80
• Density	2,100/km2 (5,500/sq mi)
• Rank	1st out of 80
Demonym	RIZALeño
Divisions
• Independent cities	0
• Component cities	1
• Municipalities	13
• Barangays	188
• Districts	1st and 2nd districts of Rizal, 1st and 2nd districts of Antipolo
Time zone	UTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP Code	1920
Spoken languages	Tagalog, English
Website	www.rizalprovince.gov.ph
* Although provincial government operations have moved to Antipolo, no legislation on the national level has recognized the new capital yet.[1]

Rizal (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Rizal), is a province located in the CALABARZON, just 16 kilometers east of Manila. The province was named after the country's national hero, José Rizal. Rizal Governor Dr. Casimiro Ynares III on June 17, 2008 announced the transfer of the Capitol from Pasig. Its P 270-million capitol building, constructed in Antipolo by Ortigas & Co., owner thereof, was completed by December of that year. Built on 5-hectare lot at the Ynares Center, it employs 2,008 employees.^[2] The New Capitol was successfully inaugurated on March 4, 2009, bringing back the Capitol Building inside the provincial territory, from which it was absent for 33 years (when Pasig was incorporated into Metro Manila).

Rizal is bordered by Metro Manila to the west, the province of Bulacan to the north, Quezon to the east and Laguna province to the south. The province also lies on the northern shores of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country.

Rizal is a mountainous province perched on the western slopes of the southern portion of the Sierra Madre mountain range. Antipolo boasts of a wonderful view of Metro Manila and it is where Hinulugang Taktak, a waterfall popular with tourists, can be found.

The Rizal Province will be accessed by the future C-6 Road connecting the provinces of Bulacan and Cavite and cities of Taguig (beside Laguna de Bay), Parañaque and Muntinlupa which are located within Metro Manila.

Economy

RIZAL AND HIS TIME PROLOGUE

BEFORE THE BIRTH OF RIZAL • February 19, 1861- The liberal Czar Alexander II issued a proclamation emancipating 22,500,000 serfs to appease the rising discontent of the Russian masses. • June 19, 1861- The birth of Rizal, the American Civil War was raging furiously in the United States on the Negro Slavery. • April 12, 1861- The Negro Slavery in the United States erupted. • September 22, 1863- President Lincoln issued his famous emancipation proclamation. • June 1, 1861- Benito Juarez, a full blooded Zapotec Indian was elected President of Mexico. • June 12, 1864- Emperor Napoleon III of the Second French Empire with his Imperialistic desire to secure a colonial stake in Latin America invaded and conquered Mexico. He installed Archduke Maximilian of Austria as puppet Emperor of Mexico. • Because of the raging American Civil War President Juarez cannot obtain military aid from his friend President Lincoln. • Battle Of Querétaro- President Juarez with the help of the US troops defeated the Maximilian forces and executed Emperor Maximilian. Thus fizzeled out Napoleon’s ambition to colonize Latin America.

THE BIRTH OF RIZAL • Italians and Germans succeeded in unifying their own countries. • The Italians under the leadership of Count Cavour and Garibaldi and his Army of “Red Shirts“ drove out the Austrians and French armies from Italy and proclaimed the Kingdom of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel with Rome as capital. • January 18, 1871- The Prussians led by Otto Von Bismarck, the “Iron Chancellor “defeated France in the Franco-Prussian war and established the German Empire with King Wilhelm of Prussia as the first Kaiser of the German Empire. • With the defeat of Emperor Napoleon His second French Empire collapsed and over its ruin the Third French Republic arose, with Adolph Thiers as first President.

THE TIME OF RIZAL SAW THE FLOWERING OF WESTERN IMPERIALISM • England emerged as the world’s leading Imperialist power. • During glorious reign of Queen Victoria the British people asserted: Britannia Rules the Waves. • First Opium War(1840-1842)- Britain Won in the First Opium War against the tottering Chinese Empire under the Manchu Dynasty, and acquired the island of Hong Kong( Fragrant Harbor ). • Second Opium War (1856-1860)- Britain won again and forced the Manchu Dynasty to cede Kowloon Peninsula. • After suppressing the Indian Rebellion and dismantling the Mogul Empire, she imposed her raj(rule) over the sub-continent of India.(India, Pakistan and Bangladesh). • By winning the Three-Anglo-Burmese War, she conquered Burma. Other lands in Asia that became British Colonies: Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Maldives, Aden, Malaya, Singapore and Egypt. In South Pacific they were able to get Australia and New Zealand.

OTHER IMPERIALIST COUNTRIES THAT FOLLOWED BRITAINS EXAMPLE: • France- Vietnam annexed Cambodia and Laos. Then merged all these countries into a federated colony under the name French Indochina. • Dutch- colonized the vast and rich archipelago of the East Indies and named it the Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia). • Czarist Russia- conquered Siberia, Kamchatka, Kuriles and Alaska (which she sold in 1867 to the U.S for $7,200,000). • She also conquered the Muslim Khanates of Bokhara, Khiva and Kokand in central Asia. • July 8, 1853- An American squadron under the command of Commodore under the command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry re-opened Japan to the world. (214-year isolation). • Emperor Meiji( Mutsuhito)- modernized Japan by freely accepting Western influences, including Imperialism, Fought against the weak China in the Sino-Japanese war, grabbed Formosa( Taiwan ), Pescadores and later annexed Korea. • Ilties- A German warship entered the Harbor of Yap( an island of the Carolines ) seized the island and the hoisted the German Flag. Strangely, the Spanish Governor of the Carolines (Don Enrique Capriles) was present in the island but showed no resistance. The German seizure of Yap island emerged Spain who claimed sovereignty over the Carolines and Palaus by right of discovery by Francisco Lezcano who named it Carolina in Honor of King Charles II. • Pope Leo XIII- recognized Spain’s sovereignty over the island but gave two concessions to Germany: the right to trade in the disputed islands and the right to establish a coaling station in Yap for Germany Navy. • Rizal was in Barcelona when these things are happening and he even wrote an article on the Carolina Question at La Publicidad, a news paper owned by Don Miguel Morayta.

THE PHILIPPINES OF RIZAL’S TIME • During the times of Rizal, the sinister shadows of Spain’s decadence darkened the Philippines skies. • Evils during the Spanish rule in the Philippines: Instability of Colonial Administration, Corrupt Officialdom, No Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes, Human rights denied to Filipinos, No equality before the law, Maladministration of Justice, Racial Administration, Frailocracy, Forced labor, Haciendas owned by the Friars, and Guardia Civil.

Geography

Rizal Province sits immediately east of Metro Manila. Located 20 kilometers east of Manila, commuters take approximately an hour to reach the provincial seat which is at Antipolo. Generally hilly and mountainous in terrain, most of the province's southern towns lie in the shores of Laguna de Bay, the country's largest inland body of water.

Political

Rizal is subdivided into 13 municipalities and 1 city.

City/Municipality	No. of Barangays	Area (km²)	Population (2010 Census)	Pop. density (per km²)
Angono	10	26.22	102,407	3,707.44
File:Ph seal rizal antipolo.pngAntipolo	16	306.10	677,741	2,071.12
Baras	10	84.93	32,609	371.18
Binangonan	40	66.34	249,872	3,601.61
File:Caintalogo.jpgCainta	7	26.81	311,845	11,810.63
Cardona	18	28.56	47,414	1,573.60
Jalajala	11	44.12	30,074	651.36
File:Official seal.JPGMorong	8	37.58	52,194	1,344.81
Pililla	9	69.95	59,527	836.67
File:Montalban Seal.jpgRodriguez	11	312.70	280,904	715.00
File:SanMateo Rizal.pngSan Mateo	15	55.09	205,255	3,355.60
Tanay	19	200.00	98,879	472.3
Taytay	5	38.80	288,956	6,765.08
Teresa	9	18.61	47,163	2,387.75

^[3]

Government

The provincial legislature or the Sangguniang Panlalawigan is composed of ten elected members. Four members are elected from each of the province's legislative district, while each of Antipolo's legislative district elect a single member.

History

Tagalog settlements arrived in Rizal who were originally were Dumagat^[4] and later had interactions and admixtures with Arab traders long before the Spanish conquest. The provincial territory began with the organization of the Tondo province and Laguna province during the Spanish administration. Some of the towns like Pasig, Parañaque, Taytay and Cainta were already thriving. From the reports of the Encomiendas in 1582-1583, the Encomiendas of Moron (Morong) was under the jurisdiction of La Laguna and, the Encomiendas of Passi (Pasig), Taitay (Taytay) and Tagui (Taguig) belonged to the Province of Tondo. It was recorded that in 1591, the Encomiendas of Moron and Taitay were under the jurisdiction of the Franciscan Order in the Province of La Laguna; and the Encomiendas of Nabotas (Navotas), Tambobo (Malabon), Tondo, Parañaque, Longalo (Dongalo), Tagui and Pasig were under the jurisdiction of the Augustinians in the Province of Tondo.

In 1853, a new political subdivision was formed. This consisted of the towns of Antipolo, Bosoboso, Cainta and Taytay from the Province of Tondo; and the towns of Morong, Baras, Tanay, Pililla, Angono, Binangonan and Jalajala from the Province of La Laguna, with the capital at Morong. This district was later changed to Distrito Politico-Militar de Morong after four years.

In 1860, by virtue of Circular No. 83, dated September 2, 1859, the Province of Tondo became the Province of Manila. All its towns were placed under the administration, fiscal supervision and control of the Governor of the new province.

The town of Mariquina (Marikina) became the capital of the Province of Manila during the tenure of the revolutionary government of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. The Province of Morong had for its capital the town of Antipolo for the period 1898-1899, and the town of Tanay for 1899-1900.

On February 6, 1901, the First Philippine Commission sought to establish civil government in the country through a provincial organization act after the Filipino-Spanish and Filipino-American conflicts.

Therefore, on June 5, 1901, a historic meeting was held at the Pasig Catholic Church for the organization of a civil government in the Provinces of Manila and Morong, with 221 delegates in attendance. The first Philippine Commission, headed by William Howard Taft and composed of Commissioners Luke E. Wright, Henry C. Ide, Bernard Moses and Dean C. Worcester, discussed with the Assembly the issue of whether or not to write the Province of Manila with Morong Province, was not self-sufficient to operate as a separate province.

Although the delegates from Morong, Don Hilarion Raymundo and Don José Tupas, objected to the proposal, Don Juan Sumulong of Antipolo strongly advocated the move. After much acrimonious debate and upon the suggestion of Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera the body agreed on the creation of a new province independent of the Province of Manila. The new province was aptly named after José Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonzo Realonda, the country's national hero.

On June 11, 1901, the province of Rizal was officially and legally created by virtue of an Act No. 137 by the First Philippine Commission which during the time was acting as the unicameral legislative body in the island of Luzon.

The new province was composed of 29 municipalities, 17 from the old Province of Manila (Caloocan, Las Piñas, Mariquina (Marikina), Lumisang-Aguho, Montalban (Rodriguez), Muntinlupa, Navotas, Novaliches, Parañaque, Pasig, Pateros, Pineda (Pasay), San Felipe Neri (Mandaluyong), San Juan del Monte (San Juan), San Mateo, San Pedro Macati (Makati), Taguig, Tambobong (Malabon)); and 12 from the Politico-Militar District of Morong, (Angono, Baras, Binangonan, Cainta, Antipolo, Cardona, Jalajala, Morong, Pililla, Tanay, Taytay and Teresa). The City of Manila from the old Province of Manila was treated as a separate entity. The seat of the provincial government was Pasig.

In year 1939, Quezon City was established, which included parts of Caloocan, and later on, Novaliches and the parts of San Juan Province.

World War II

During World War II, Japanese fighter and bomber planes bombed the province of Rizal on December 1941. During the Japanese Invasion and through the entering the province of Rizal by the occupation of the Imperial Japanese armed forces on 1942 during the Japanese Occupation.

Started the Counter-Insurgencies during the Japanese Occupation from 1942 to 1945. The establishment of the guerrilla unit organization and many Rizaleños was joining the guerrilla resistance of the Hunters ROTC and the Marking's Filipino-American Troops (MFAT) at the guerrilla camps on the mountains in Rizal province and aided the helpful to local Filipino soldiers under the military units of the Philippine Commonwealth Army to fought against the Japanese troops. The establishment of the local military unit organization of the Military General Headquarters and Camp Bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was active on 1942 to 1946 and the Philippine Constabulary was active on 1944 to 1946 in the province of Rizal and started the engagements of the Anti-Japanese Imperial Military Operations in Manila, Southern Luzon, Mindoro and Palawan and aided the local guerrillas and American troops against the Japanese forces.

The American troops was returned and liberated in some prats in Luzon on January 1945 and helping the Filipino soldiers under the military units of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and Philippine Constabulary and the local guerrilla reistance fighters against the Japanese. Started the Allied Liberation from January to August 1945, the combined U.S. and Philippine Commonwealth military ground troops and aided the local Rizaleño resistance of the Hunters ROTC and the and the Marking's Filipino-American Troops (MFAT) was entering the liberated the province of Rizal and defeats Japanese Imperial forces and ended in World War II.

On November 7, 1975, by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 824, the 12 municipalities of Las Piñas, Parañaque, Muntinlupa, Taguig, Pateros, Makati, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Malabon, Navotas, Pasig and Marikina and the 3 cities of Caloocan, Pasay and Quezon City were incorporated into the newly formed region of Metro ManilaNCR, thereby leaving the remaining 14 towns to the Province of Rizal.

Churches

• Catholic Churches
• Iglesia Ni Cristo (Church of Christ)
• Seventh-day Adventist Church
• The Messiah Community Church
• Greenhills Christian Church
• United Methodist Church
• Church So Blessed ( Antipolo, Binangonan, Masinag, Tanay and 2 in Taytay)
• Christ's Commission Fellowship Taytay

Governors of Rizal Province

• Ambrosio Flores (1901–1904)
• Arturo Dancel (1904–1906)
• Jose G. Tupaz (1907–1909)
• Lope K. Santos (1910–1913)
• Mariano C. Melendez (1913–1916)
• Eulogio Rodriguez, Sr. (1916–1919)
• Andres A. Gabriel (1919–1920)
• Arcadio Santos (1920–1922)
• Eulogio Rodriguez, Sr. (1922–1923)
• Ruperto Martinez (1923–1925)
• Andres Pascual (1925–1928)
• Eligio N. Naval (1928–1931)
• Francisco S. Sevilla (1931–1937)
• Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. (1938–1946)
• Nicanor Roxas (1944–1947)
• Sixto Antonio (1947–1951)
• Wenceslao Pascual (1952–1955)
• Isidro Rodriguez (1955–1986)
• Benjamin Esguerra Sr. (OIC 1986)
• Isidro Inarda (OIC 1987)
• Reynaldo R. San Juan (1988–1992)
• Casimiro M. Ynares, Sr. (1992–1995,1995–1998,1998–2001)
• Rebecca A. Ynares (2001–2004)
• Casimiro M. Ynares, Jr. (2004–2007)
• Casimiro A. Ynares III (2007–Present)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rizal (province).

References

External links

• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• 1995 Philippine Census Information
• 2000 Philippine Census Information
• 2007 Philippine Census Information (1)
• 2007 Philippine Census Information (2)
• Local Governance Performance Management System