Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and Potassium thiocyanate: Difference between pages

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| = Potassiumthiocyanate.png

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| = Potassiumthiocyanate

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| ImageFile3 = Crystals of Potassium Thiocyanate.jpg

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| = Potassium thiocyanate

| OtherNames = Potassium sulfocyanate<br />Potassium isothiocyanate<br />Potassium thiocyanide

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo = 333-20-0

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| Beilstein = 3594799

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChEBI_Ref = {{|correct|EBI}}

| ChEBI = 30951

| EINECS = 206-370-1

| Gmelin = 21362

| PubChem =

| RTECS = XL1925000

| = -

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Formula = KSCN

| MolarMass = 97.181 g mol⁻¹

| Appearance = Colorless [[deliquescent]] crystals

| Odor = Odorless

| Density = 1.886 g/cm³

| Solubility = 177 g/100 mL (0 °C) <br> 217 g/100 mL (20 °C)

| = [[acetone]]

| MeltingPtC = 173.2

| =

| BoilingPt_notes = (decomposes)

| MagSus = &minus;48.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

| = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1088.htm ICSC 1088]

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| GHSSignalWord = Warning

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|312|318|319|332|412}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|264|270|271|273|280|301+312|302+352|304+312|304+340|305+351+338|310|312|322|330|337+313|363|501}}

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| LD50 = 854 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/333-20-0|title=Potassium thiocyanate [NF]| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420010542/https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/333-20-0|website=chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov| archive-date=20 April 2018| url-status=dead| access-date=19 April 2018}}</ref>

| PEL =

|Section8={{Chembox Related

| OtherCations = [[Sodium thiocyanate]]<br/>[[Ammonium thiocyanate]]

| OtherAnions = [[Potassium cyanate]]<br/>[[Potassium cyanide]]

'''Potassium thiocyanate''' is the [[chemical compound]] with the molecular formula KSCN. It is an important salt of the [[thiocyanate]] [[anion]], one of the [[pseudohalide]]s. The compound has a low melting point relative to most other inorganic salts.

==Uses==

===Chemical synthesis===

Aqueous KSCN reacts almost quantitatively with [[Lead(II) nitrate|Pb(NO₃)₂]] to give Pb(SCN)₂, which has been used to convert [[acyl chloride]]s to isothiocyanates.<ref>{{OrgSynth | author = Smith, P. A. S. | author2 = Kan, R. O. | title = 2a-Thiohomophthalimide | year = 1973 | collvol = 5 | collvolpages = 1051 | prep = cv5p1051}}</ref>

KSCN converts [[ethylene carbonate]] to [[ethylene sulfide]].<ref>{{OrgSynth | author = Searles, S. | author2 = Lutz, E. F. | author3 = Hays, H. R. | author4 = Mortensen, H. E. | title = Ethylenesulfide | year = 1973 | collvol = 5 | collvolpages = 562 | prep = cv5p0562}}</ref> For this purpose, the KSCN is first melted under vacuum to remove water. In a related reaction, KSCN converts [[cyclohexene oxide]] to the corresponding [[episulfide]] and [[Potassium cyanate|KOCN]].

<ref>{{OrgSynth | author = van Tamelen, E. E. | title = Cyclohexenesulfide | year = 1963 | collvol = 4 | collvolpages = 232 | prep = cv4p0232}}</ref>

:<chem>C6H10O + KSCN -> C6H10S + KOCN</chem>

KSCN is also the starting product for the synthesis of [[carbonyl sulfide]].

===Special effects===

Dilute aqueous KSCN is occasionally used for moderately realistic blood effects in film and theatre. It can be painted onto a surface or kept as a colorless solution. When in contact with [[ferric chloride]] solution (or other solutions containing [[ferric|Fe³⁺]]), the product of the reaction is a solution with a blood red colour, due to the formation of the [[thiocyanatoiron]] [[coordination complex|complex ion]]. Thus this chemical is often used to create the effect of 'stigmata'. Because both solutions are colorless, they can be placed separately on each hand. When the hands are brought into contact, the solutions react and the effect looks remarkably like [[stigmata]].{{citation needed| date=February 2009}}

===Laboratory===

The reaction with Fe³⁺ mentioned above is used as a [[thiocyanate#Test for iron(III)|test]] for Fe³⁺ ions in the [[laboratory]].

===Law enforcement===

Approximate [[cocaine]] purity can be determined using 1&nbsp;mL 2% cupric sulphate pentahydrate in dilute HCl, 1&nbsp;mL 2% potassium thiocyanate and 2&nbsp;mL of [[chloroform]]. The shade of brown shown by the chloroform is proportional to the cocaine content. This test is not cross sensitive to heroin, methamphetamine, benzocaine, procaine and a number of other drugs but other chemicals could cause false positives.<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Travnikoff B |title=Semiquantitative screening test for cocaine |date=1 April 1983 |journal=Analytical Chemistry |issue=4 |volume=55 |pages=795–796 |doi=10.1021/ac00255a048 |issn=0003-2700}}</ref>

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Potassium compounds}}

{{Thiocyanates}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Potassium Thiocyanate}}

[[Category:Thiocyanates]]

[[Category:Potassium compounds]]

[[Category:Photographic chemicals]]