This review paper presents an assessment of the current state of knowledge and capability
in seasonal climate prediction at the end of the 20th century. The discussion covers the full …

We investigate the “typical” global and large-scale regional precipitation patterns that are
associated with the El Ni�o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Monthly precipitation time series from …

… consistent low index precipitation relationship in Ropelewski and Halpert (1987) also show
evidence of a high index-precipitation relationship in the composites (Fig. 5a-c). The high SO …

This paper describes an investigation of the “typical” North American precipitation and
temperature patterns associated with the El Ni�o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Monthly surface …

A series of earlier studies has identified regions of the world in which precipitation appears
to have a consistent relationship with the Southern Oscillation (SO). In this paper, the authors …

The Southern Oscillation (SO) has been traditionally monitored by indices formed from
surface pressure dif-ferences across the South Pacific (eg, Chen, 1982; McBride and Nicholls, …

… The analysis methods used here are similar to the methods used in Ropelewski and Halpert
( 1986a, 1987, 1989). Details can be obtained in Ropelewski and Halpert ( 1986a) and are …

This chapter aims to update the documentation of the National Centers for Environmental
Prediction (NCEP)/ National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) system design, output, …

… lated to the cold phase of ENSO [Ropelewski and Halpert, 1989] as well as temperature
during both phases [Halpert and Ropelewski, 1992]. Correlation, composite, and EOF analyses …

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is explored as a multivariate linear statistical methodology
with which to forecast fluctuations of the El Ni�o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in real time…