High school chemistry most commonly is offered during the 11th grade as Chemistry 11. This is a list of Chemistry 11 or 11th Grade High School Chemistry topics.
Atomic and Molecular Structure
- Structure of the atom
- Element atomic number and atomic mass
- Element location on the periodic table
- Groups of elements in the periodic table
- Trends in the periodic table: ionization energy, electronegativity, relative sizes of ions and atoms
- Using the periodic table to determine the number of valence electrons available for bonding
- Position of an element in the periodic table relating to its chemical reactivity
- Thomson's discovery of the electron
- Rutherford's nuclear atom
- Millikan's oil drop experiment
- Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect
- Quantum theory of atomic structure
- Bohr model of the atom
- Spectral lines
- Planck's relationship
Chemical Bonds
- Ionic and covalent bonds
- Chemical bonds between atoms in molecules
- Electrostatic attraction in salt crystals
- Intermolecular forces in a solid and liquid
- Lewis electron dot structures
- Shape of simple molecules and their polarity
- Electronegativity and ionization energy–bond formation
- Solids and liquids held together by Van der Waal's forces
Stoichiometry
- Writing balanced equations
- Definition of the mole
- Molar mass of a molecule from its chemical formula and a table of atomic masses (atomic weight)
- Converting the mass of a molecular substance to moles
- Number of particles or volume of gas at standard temperature and pressure
- Masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
- Percent yield in a chemical reaction
- Oxidation and reduction reactions
- Balancing oxidation-reduction reactions
Acids and Bases
- Properties of acids, bases and salt solutions
- Acids and bases
- Strong acids and strong bases
- Weak acids and bases
- pH scale
- pH tests
- Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acid-base definitions
- Calculating pH from the hydrogen ion concentration
- pH in acid-base reactions
Gases
- Random motion of molecules and their collisions with a surface
- Random motion of molecules and diffusion of gases
- Applying the gas laws to relations between the pressure, temperature, and volume
- Standard temperature and pressure (STP)
- Convert between Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales
- Kinetic theory of gases
- Problems using the ideal gas law in the form PV=nRT
- Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
- Graham's Law to describe diffusion of gases
Chemical Solutions
- Definitions of solute and solvent
- Dissolving process as a result of random molecular motion
- Temperature, pressure, and surface area–their effect the dissolving process
- Concentration of a solute in terms of grams per liter, molarity, parts per million and percent composition
- Relationship between the molality of solute in a solution, and the solution's freezing point depression or boiling point elevation
- Chromatography
- Distillation
Rates of Chemical Reactions
- Rate of reaction and factors that affect it
- Role a catalyst in reaction rates
- Definition and role of activation energy in a chemical reaction
Chemical Equilibrium
- Le Chatelier's Principle
- Forward and reverse reaction rates and equilibrium
- Equilibrium constant expression for a reaction
Thermodynamics and Physical Chemistry
- Temperature and heat flow related to the motion of particles
- Endothermic and exothermic chemical processes
- Endergonic and exergonic chemical processes
- Problems involving heat flow and temperature changes
- Hess's Law to calculate enthalpy change in a reaction
- Gibbs free energy equation to determine whether a reaction would be spontaneous
Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Formation of large molecules and polymers
- Bonding characteristics of carbon
- Amino acids as building blocks of proteins
- Naming simple hydrocarbons
- Functional groups
- R-group structure of amino acids
- Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure
Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry
- Protons and neutrons
- Nuclear forces
- Electromagnetic repulsion between the protons
- Nuclear fusion
- Nuclear fission
- Radioactive isotopes
- Alpha, beta, and gamma decay
- Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation
- Calculating half-life and amount of radioactive material remaining
- Nuclear substructure