Balc (Hungarian: Balk)[1] was, according to many historians (e.g., Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol, Ştefan Pascu), the third voivode of Moldavia, ruling in ca. 1359 or 1364, but the sequence of the voivodes listed in the Romanian chronicles does not refer to him.[2][3] He was the son of Sas, the second voivode of Moldavia.[2]

Balc
(?) Voivode in Moldavia
Reign1359 or 1364[citation needed]
PredecessorSas
SuccessorBogdan I
Died(?) 1399
DynastyHouse of Dragoș
FatherSas

Although Balc was the legitimate pretender to the throne, Bogdan, who had been voivode in Maramureș, crossed the Carpathian Mountains into Moldavia possibly immediately after the death of Sas, before Balc was able to consolidate his reign.[2][3] In Moldavia, Bogdan joined local forces opposed to the Hungarian monarchy.[3]

Balc fought valiantly at the head of his men, but he was severely wounded and lost several members of his family and retinue.[2] Following his defeat, Balc fled Moldavia for Hungary.[1]

According to a diploma issued on February 2, 1365, King Louis I of Hungary (1342–1382) gave Cuhea and other possessions in Maramureș to Balc and his brothers for their faith towards their sovereign and particularly for their devoted behavior in Moldavia.[1] The domains around Cuhea had belonged to Bogdan, but the king had confiscated them in order to compensate Balc and his brothers for the loss of the state east of the Carpathians.[2]

Later, Balc became the head of Szatmár (Sătmar), Ugocsa and Máramaros (Maramureș) counties in the Kingdom of Hungary, and he was also invested with the title of Count of the Székelys.[4]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365.
  2. ^ a b c d e Spinei, Victor. Moldavia in the 11th-14th Centuries.
  3. ^ a b c Treptow, Kurt W.; Popa, Marcel. Historical Dictionary of Romania.
  4. ^ Engel, Pál. Magyarország világi archontológiája (1301-1457).

Sources

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  • Engel, Pál: Magyarország világi archontológiája (1301-1457) /The Temporal Archontology of Hungary (1301–1457)/; História - MTA Történettudományi Intézete, 1996, Budapest; ISBN 963-8312-43-2.
  • Spinei, Victor: Moldavia in the 11th-14th Centuries; Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, 1986, Bucharest
  • Treptow, Kurt W. – Popa, Marcel: Historical Dictionary of Romania (the list ‘Rulers of Romania – Moldavia’); The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1996, Lanham (Maryland, US) & Folkestone (UK); ISBN 0-8108-3179-1
  • Vásáry, István: Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365; Cambridge University Press, 2005, Cambridge; ISBN 0-521-83756-1
Balc of Moldavia
 Died: (?) 1399
Regnal titles
Preceded by (?) Voivode in Moldavia
c. 1359/1364
Succeeded by
Preceded by
László Bebek
Count of Szatmár County
1377–1388
Succeeded by
Péter Perényi
Preceded by
András Kölcsei
Count of Ugocsa County
1377–1398
Succeeded by
Péter Perényi
Preceded by
Simon Meggyesi
Count of Máramaros County
1378–1382
Succeeded by
György Jakcs
Preceded by
Dezső Serkei
Count of Máramaros County
1385–1399
Succeeded by
Péter Perényi
Preceded by
Miklós Losonci
Count of the Székelys
1387–1390
Succeeded by
János Bélteki