Behavior of coupled DEVS

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In theoretical computer science, DEVS is closed under coupling [Zeigper84] [ZPK00]. In other words, given a coupled DEVS model , its behavior is described as an atomic DEVS model . For a given coupled DEVS , once we have an equivalent atomic DEVS , behavior of can be referred to behavior of atomic DEVS which is based on Timed Event System.

Similar to behavior of atomic DEVS, behavior of the Coupled DEVS class is described depending on definition of the total state set and its handling as follows.

View1: Total states = states * elapsed times

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Given a coupled DEVS model  , its behavior is described as an atomic DEVS model  

where

  •   and   are the input event set and the output event set, respectively.
  •   is the partial state set where   is the total state set of component   (Refer to View1 of Behavior of DEVS), where   is the set of non-negative real numbers.
  •   is the initial state set where   is the total initial state of component  .
  •   is the time advance function, where   is the set of non-negative real numbers plus infinity. Given  ,
     


  •   is the external state function. Given a total state   where  , and input event  , the next state is given by
     

where

 

Given the partial state  , let   denote the set of imminent components. The firing component   which triggers the internal state transition and an output event is determined by

 
  •   is the internal state function. Given a partial state  , the next state is given by
     

where

 
  •   is the output function. Given a partial state  ,
     

View2: Total states = states * lifespan * elapsed times

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Given a coupled DEVS model  , its behavior is described as an atomic DEVS model  

where

  •   and   are the input event set and the output event set, respectively.
  •   is the partial state set where   is the total state set of component   (Refer to View2 of Behavior of DEVS).
  •   is the initial state set where   is the total initial state of component  .
  •   is the time advance function. Given  ,
     


  •   is the external state function. Given a total state   where  , and input event  , the next state is given by
     

where

 

and

 

Given the partial state  , let   denote the set of imminent components. The firing component   which triggers the internal state transition and an output event is determined by

 
  •   is the internal state function. Given a partial state  , the next state is given by
     

where

 
  •   is the output function. Given a partial state  ,
     

Time passage

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Since in a coupled DEVS model with non-empty sub-components, i.e.,  , the number of clocks which trace their elapsed times are multiple, so time passage of the model is noticeable.

For View1

Given a total state   where  

If unit event segment   is the null event segment, i.e.  , the state trajectory in terms of Timed Event System is

 
For View2

Given a total state   where  

If unit event segment   is the null event segment, i.e.  , the state trajectory in terms of Timed Event System is

 

Remarks

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  1. The behavior of a couple DEVS network whose all sub-components are deterministic DEVS models can be non-deterministic if   is non-deterministic.

See also

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References

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  • [Zeigler84] Bernard Zeigler (1984). Multifacetted Modeling and Discrete Event Simulation. Academic Press, London; Orlando. ISBN 978-0-12-778450-2.
  • [ZKP00] Bernard Zeigler; Tag Gon Kim; Herbert Praehofer (2000). Theory of Modeling and Simulation (second ed.). Academic Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-12-778455-7.