List of arthropod orders

Arthropods are invertebrate animals having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages. Arthropods form the phylum Arthropoda. They are distinguished by their jointed limbs and cuticle made of chitin, often mineralised with calcium carbonate. The arthropod body plan consists of segments, each with a pair of appendages. Arthropods are bilaterally symmetrical and their body possesses an external skeleton. In order to keep growing, they must go through stages of moulting, a process by which they shed their exoskeleton to reveal a new one. Some species have wings. They are an extremely diverse group, with up to 10 million species.

*Marrella*, one of the puzzling arthropods from the Burgess Shale

Arthropods are invertebrate animals with a chitinous exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and jointed legs. The phylum Arthropoda contains numerous taxonomic orders in over 20 classes.

Subphylum Hexapoda

Class Insecta (Insects)

Head of a wasp with three ocelli (centre), and compound eyes at the left and right

A pair of Simosyrphus grandicornis hoverflies mating in flight.

Aedes aegypti, a parasite, is the vector of dengue fever and yellow fever

Subclass Monocondylia or Monochlamydia

Order Archaeognatha – 350 (Jumping bristletails)

Subclass Dicondylia

Order †Carbotriplurida
Infraclass Thysanura
- Order Zygentoma – 370
Infraclass Pterygota
- Order †Reculida
- Order †Perielytrodea
- Order †Eoblattida
- Clade Panephemeroptera
  - Order †Protephemeroptera
  - Order †Syntonopterodea
  - Order †Permoplectoptera
  - Order †Coxoplectoptera
  - Order Ephemeroptera – 3,000 (Mayflies)
- Clade Odonataptera
  - Order †Eugeroptera
  - Order †Kukaloptera
  - Order †Argentinoptera
  - Order †Geroptera
  - Order †Eomeganisoptera
  - Order †Meganisoptera
  - Order †Campylopterodea
  - Order †Protanisoptera
  - Order †Triadophlebioptera
  - Order †Protozygoptera
  - Order Odonata – 5,900 (Dragonflies and damselflies)
- Clade Palaeodictyopteroidea
  - Order †Palaeodictyoptera
  - Order †Archodonata
  - Order †Diaphanopterodea
  - Order †Megasecoptera
- Clade Polyneoptera
  - Order †Paoliida
  - Order †Protorthoptera (Paraphyletic assemblage of basal and stem polyneopterans)
  - Order †Sheimiodea
  - Order Zoraptera – 28 (Angel insects)
  - Order †Archelytroidea
  - Order †Protelytroptera
  - Order Dermaptera – 1,816 (Earwigs)
  - Order Plecoptera – 2,274 (Stoneflies)
  - Order †Caloblattinidea
  - Order †Alienoptera
  - Order Mantodea – 2,200 (Mantises)
  - Order Blattodea – 3,684–4,000 (Cockroaches and termites)
  - Order Grylloblattodea – 34 (ice-crawlers)
  - Order Mantophasmatodea – 15 (gladiators)
  - Order Phasmatodea – 2,500–3,300 (Stick insects or stick-bugs)
  - Order Embioptera – 200–300 (Webspinners)
  - Order †Chresmododea
  - Order †Cnemidolestida
  - Order †Titanoptera
  - Order †Caloneurodea
  - Order Orthoptera – 24,380 (Grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, etc.)
- Clade Clareocercaria
  - Order †Hypoperlida
  - Order †Miomoptera
  - Order Psocodea – 11,000 (Lice, bark lice, book lice)
  - Order †Permopsocida
  - Order Hemiptera – 50,000–80,000 (True bugs)
  - Order †Lophioneurida
  - Order Thysanoptera – 5,000 (Thrips)
- Clade Holometabola
  - Order Hymenoptera – 115,000 (Sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants)
  - Order Strepsiptera – 596 (Twisted-wing parasites)
  - Order Coleoptera – 360,000–400,000 (Beetles)
  - Order †Glosselytrodea
  - Order Raphidioptera – 210 (Snakeflies)
  - Order Megaloptera – 250–300 (Alderflies, dobsonflies, and fishflies)
  - Order Neuroptera – 5,000 (Net-winged insects)
  - Order †Protomecoptera
  - Order †Tarachoptera
  - Order †Permotrichoptera
  - Order Lepidoptera – 174,250 (Butterflies and moths)
  - Order Trichoptera – 12,627 (Caddisfly)
  - Order †Paratrichoptera
  - Order †Protodiptera (Permotipula and Permila)
  - Order Diptera – 152,956 (Flies)
  - Order †Paramecoptera
  - Order Nannomecoptera
  - Order Mecoptera – 481 (Scorpionflies)
  - Order Neomecoptera
  - Order Siphonaptera – 2,525 (Fleas)

Class Entognatha

Proturan specimen (Acerentomon sp.)

Order Collembola (Springtails)
Order Diplura (Diplurans)
Order Protura (Coneheads)

Subphylum Chelicerata

Class Xiphosura

Order Xiphosurida

Class †Eurypterida

Order †Eurypterida
Order †Chasmataspidida

Class Arachnida (Arachnids)

Araneus diadematus spider

Subclass Acari (Mites)
- Order Opilioacariformes
- Order Ixodida (Ticks)
- Order Holothyrida
- Order Mesostigmata
- Order Trombidiformes
- Order Oribatida (Beetle mites)
- Order Endeostigmata
Subclass Megoperculata
- Order Amblypygi (Whip spiders)
- Order Araneae (Spiders)
- Order †Haptopoda
- Order Palpigradi (Microwhip scorpions)
- Order †Uraraneida
- Order Ricinulei (Hooded tickspiders)
- Order Schizomida (Short-tailed whip scorpions)
- Order Uropygi (Thelyphonida s.s., whip scorpions)
- Order †Trigonotarbida
Subclass Dromopoda
- Order Opiliones (Harvestmen, also known as daddy longlegs)
- Order †Phalangiotarbida
- Order Pseudoscorpionida (Pseudoscorpions, or false scorpions)
- Order Scorpiones (True scorpions)
- Order Solifugae (Sun spiders or wind scorpions)

Class Pycnogonida

Order Pantopoda (Sea spiders)

Pycnogonida

Subphylum Myriapoda (Centipedes and millipedes)

A representative millipede and centipede (not necessarily to scale)

Ammodesmus nimba from Guinea, West Africa, curled in a defensive coil

Class Chilopoda (Centipedes)

Order Scutigeromorpha
Order Lithobiomorpha (stone centipedes)
Order †Devonobiomorpha
Order Craterostigmomorpha
Order Scolopendromorpha (tropical centipedes)
Order Geophilomorpha (soil centipedes)

Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)

Subclass Penicillata

Order Polyxenida (Bristly millipedes)

Subclass Chilognatha

Order †Zosterogrammida^[1]
Infraclasss †Arthropleuridea
- Order †Arthropleurida
- Order †Eoarthropleurida
- Order †Microdecemplicida
Infraclass Pentazonia
- Order †Amynilyspedida
- Superorder Limacomorpha
  - Order Glomeridesmida
- Superorder Oniscomorpha (Pill millipedes)
  - Order Glomerida
  - Order Sphaerotheriida (Giant pill millipedes)
Infraclasss †Archipolypoda
- Order †Archidesmida
- Order †Cowiedesmida
- Order †Euphoberiida
- Order †Palaeosomatida
Infraclass Helminthomorpha
- Order †Pleurojulida
- Order Platydesmida
- Order Polyzoniida
- Order Siphonocryptida
- Order Siphonophorida
- Superorder Juliformia
  - Order Julida
  - Order Siphoniulida
  - Order Spirobolida
  - Order Spirostreptida
  - Superfamily †Xyloiuloidea (Sometimes aligned with Spirobolida)^[2]
- Superorder Merocheta
  - Order Polydesmida (Flat-backed millipedes)
- Superorder Nematophora
  - Order Callipodida
  - Order Chordeumatida
  - Order Stemmiulida

Class Pauropoda

A pauropod

Order Hexamerocerata
Order Tetramerocerata

Class Symphyla

Order Scolopendrellida (garden centipedes)
Order Scutigerellida

Subphylum Crustacea (Crustaceans)

Order †Agnostina
Order †Henningsmoenicarida
Order †Cambropachycopida
Order †Cambrocarida
Order †Martinssoniida
Order †Phosphatocopida
Order †Bostrichopodida

Class †Thylacocephala

Order †Ainiktozoiformes
Order †Concavicarida
Order †Conchyliocarida

Class Remipedia

Order †Enantiopoda
Order Nectiopoda

Class Branchiopoda

Branchiopods

Subclass Sarsostraca
- Order Anostraca (Fairy shrimp)
- Order †Lipostraca
Subclass Phyllopoda
- Infraclass Calmanostraca
  - Order †Protocaridida
  - Order †Kazacharthra
  - Order Notostraca (Tadpole shrimp)
- Infraclass Diplostraca (Clam shrimp)
  - Order Laevicaudata
  - Order Spinicaudata
  - Order Cyclestherida
  - Order Cladocera (Water fleas)

Class Cephalocarida

Order Brachypoda (Horseshoe shrimp)

Subclass Facetotecta

Class Hexanauplia

Subclass Copepoda (Copepods)

Cyclops (Copepoda: Cyclopoida)

Infraclass Progymnoplea
- Order Platycopioida
Infraclass Neocopepoda
- Clade Gymnoplea
  - Order Calanoida
- Clade Podoplea
  - Order Canuelloida
  - Order Cyclopoida (incl. Poecilostomatoida)
  - Order Gelyelloida
  - Order Harpacticoida
  - Order Misophrioida
  - Order Monstrilloida
  - Order Mormonilloida
  - Order Siphonostomatoida

Class Branchiura

Order Arguloida (Carp lice, or fish lice)
Order †Cyclida (Cycloids)

Class Pentastomida (Tongue worms)

Adult female Linguatula serrata

Class Mystacocarida

^[4]

Order Mystacocaridida

Class Ostracoda (Ostracods, or seed shrimp)

Ostracod

Order †Eridostracoda

Subclass †Leperditicopa

Order †Leperditicopida
Order thippslicus

Subclass †Leiocopa

Order †Leiocopida

Subclass Palaeocopa

Order Palaeocopida

Subclass Myodocopa

Order Myodocopida
Order Halocyprida

Subclass Podocopa

Order Platycopida
Order Podocopida

Class Malacostraca (Malcostracans, such as crabs and lobsters)

Syncarid Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus

Hoplocarid

Nebalia bipes Phyllocarid

Subclass Eumalacostraca

Superorder Syncarida
- Order Anaspidacea Calman, 1904
- Order Bathynellacea Chappuis, 1915
- Order †Palaeocaridacea
Superorder †Eocarida
- Order †Eocaridacea
- Order †Pygocephalomorpha
Superorder Peracarida
- Order Amphipoda (Includes freshwater shrimp and sandhoppers)
- Order Cumacea (Hooded shrimp)
- Order Isopoda (Isopods - includes wood lice)
- Order Lophogastrida
- Order Mictacea
- Order Mysida
- Order Spelaeogriphacea
- Order Stygiomysida
- Order Tanaidacea (Tanaids)
- Order Thermosbaenacea
Superorder Eucarida
- Order Decapoda (Crayfish, crabs, lobsters, prawns, and shrimp)
- Order Euphausiacea (Krill)
- Order †Angustidontida

Subclass Hoplocarida

Order Stomatopoda (Mantis shrimp)
Order †Aeschronectida
Order †Palaeostomatopoda

Subclass Phyllocarida

Order ?†Discinocarida
Order †Archaeostraca
Order †Hoplostraca
Order Leptostraca

Subphylum †Artiopoda

no class

Order †Emeraldellida
Order †Cheloniellida
Order †Sidneyiformes

Class †Protosutura

Order †Acanthomeridiida

Class †Aglaspida

Order †Aglaspidida
Order †Strabopida

Class †Trilobita

Paradoxides

Order Retifaciida

Subclass †Petalopleura

Order †Sinoburiida
Order †Xandarellida

Subclass †Nectopleura

Order †Nectaspidida

Subclass †Conciliterga

Order †Helmetiida †

Subclass †Trilobita

Order †Eodiscina
Order †Olenellina
Order †Asaphida
Order †Aulacopleurida
Order †Corynexochida
Order †Harpetida
Order †Redlichiida
Order †Lichida
Order †Phacopida
Order †Proetida
Order †Ptychopariida

Other classes

no class

Order †Isoxyida
Order †Hymenocarina
Order †Mollisoniida
Order †Bradoriida
Order †Burgessiida

Order †Fuxianhuiida
Order †Habeliida

Class †Megacheira

Reconstructed Leanchoilia

Order †Leanchoiliida
Order †Yohoiida

Class †Marrellomorpha

Order †Acercostraca
Order †Marrellida

Class †Dinocaridida

Order †Radiodonta
Order †Opabiniida

Class †Euthycarcinoidea

Order †Euthycarcinida

References

^ Shear, William A.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2010). "The geological record and phylogeny of the Myriapoda". Arthropod Structure & Development. 39 (2–3): 174–190. Bibcode:2010ArtSD..39..174S. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.11.002. PMID 19944188.
^ Hoffman, R.L. (1963). "New genera and species of Upper Paleozoic Diplopoda". Journal of Paleontology. 37 (1): 167–174. JSTOR 1301419.
^ "World Register of Marine Species". Retrieved 2021-08-24.
^ WoRMS (2021). Mystacocarida. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1079 on 2021-08-23

[Shear.Edgecombe2010-1] Shear, William A.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2010). "The geological record and phylogeny of the Myriapoda". Arthropod Structure & Development. 39 (2–3): 174–190. Bibcode:2010ArtSD..39..174S. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.11.002. PMID 19944188.

[Hoffman1963-2] Hoffman, R.L. (1963). "New genera and species of Upper Paleozoic Diplopoda". Journal of Paleontology. 37 (1): 167–174. JSTOR 1301419.

[3] "World Register of Marine Species". Retrieved 2021-08-24.

[4] WoRMS (2021). Mystacocarida. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1079 on 2021-08-23

[1]

List of arthropod orders

Subphylum Hexapoda

Class Insecta (Insects)

Subclass Monocondylia or Monochlamydia

Subclass Dicondylia

Class Entognatha

Subphylum Chelicerata

Class Xiphosura

Class †Eurypterida

Class Arachnida (Arachnids)

Class Pycnogonida

Subphylum Myriapoda (Centipedes and millipedes)

Class Chilopoda (Centipedes)

Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)

Subclass Penicillata

Subclass Chilognatha

Class Pauropoda

Class Symphyla

Subphylum Crustacea (Crustaceans)

Class †Thylacocephala

Class Remipedia

Class Branchiopoda

Class Cephalocarida

Class Thecostraca

Subclass Ascothoracida

Subclass Cirripedia (Barnacles)

Subclass Facetotecta

Class Hexanauplia

Subclass Copepoda (Copepods)

Class Branchiura

Class Pentastomida (Tongue worms)

Class Mystacocarida

Class Ostracoda (Ostracods, or seed shrimp)

Subclass †Leperditicopa

Subclass †Leiocopa

Subclass Palaeocopa

Subclass Myodocopa

Subclass Podocopa

Class Malacostraca (Malcostracans, such as crabs and lobsters)

Subclass Eumalacostraca

Subclass Hoplocarida

Subclass Phyllocarida

Subphylum †Artiopoda

no class

Class †Protosutura

Class †Aglaspida

Class †Trilobita

Order Retifaciida

Subclass †Petalopleura

Subclass †Nectopleura

Subclass †Conciliterga

Subclass †Trilobita

Other classes

no class

Class †Megacheira

Class †Marrellomorpha

Class †Dinocaridida

Class †Euthycarcinoidea

References