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Extensional viscosity

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Extensional viscosity (also known as elongational viscosity) is a viscosity coefficient when the applied stress is extensional stress.[1] It is often used for characterizing polymer solutions. Extensional viscosity can be measured using rheometers that apply extensional stress. Acoustic rheometer is one example of such devices.

Extensional viscosity is defined as the ratio of the normal stress difference to the rate of strain. For uniaxial extension along direction :[2]

where

is the extensional viscosity or elongational viscosity
is the normal stress along direction n.
is the rate of strain:

The ratio between the extensional viscosity and the dynamic viscosity is known as Trouton's Ratio, . For a Newtonian Fluid, the Trouton ratio equals three.


See also

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References

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  1. ^ Barnes, H.A. "A handbook of elementary rheology", Institute of non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 2000
  2. ^ Guyon, E., Hulin, JP. and Petit, L., Physical Hydrodynamics, Oxford University Press (2015), p113