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Outline of diabetes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Researcher - Dr. Dinesh Kacha Research Article - Diabetes Reversal Through Ayurvedic Lifestyle

Objective:- To Understand, Detect, Diagnose & Prevent Type 2 Diabetes To Understand The Root Cause of Type 2 Diabetes To Identify Insulin Resistance Mechanism

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to diabetes mellitus (diabetes insipidus not included below):

Diabetes mellitus – group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond properly to the insulin that is produced,[1] a condition called insulin resistance. The resultant high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger).

What is diabetes mellitus?

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Diabetes can be described as:

Types of diabetes mellitus

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  • Prediabetes
  • Main types of diabetes:
    • Type 1 diabetes – disease that results in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.[4]
    • Type 2 diabetes – metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.[5]
      • Disease of affluence – type 2 diabetes is one of the "diseases of affluence", which include mostly chronic non-communicable diseases for which personal lifestyles and societal conditions associated with economic development are believed to be important risk factors.
    • Gestational diabetes – Gestational diabetes, is a temporary condition that is first diagnosed during pregnancy. Like type 1 and type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes causes blood sugar levels to become too high. It involves an increased risk of developing diabetes for both mother and child.
  • Other types of diabetes:

Signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus

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  • Symptoms of prediabetes – prediabetes typically has no distinct signs or symptoms. Patients should monitor for signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (see below).

Signs and symptoms of Type II diabetes mellitus

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Symptoms of type II diabetes mellitus include:[6]

Causes of diabetes

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Causes of diabetes mellitus type 1

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Causes of diabetes mellitus type 2

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Preventing diabetes mellitus

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Preventing diabetes mellitus type 1

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Currently, there is no known way to prevent diabetes mellitus type 1. However, onset of diabetes mellitus type 1 may be delayed by about two years by administering Teplizumab.

Preventing diabetes mellitus type 2

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Preventing diabetes mellitus type 2 – entails a lifestyle with a routine, regime, or self care program that includes the following:

  • Maintaining a healthy weight
  • Proper nutrition
  • Regular physical exercise – in addition to helping to maintain a healthy weight, sufficient vigorous physical exercise increases cells' sensitivity to insulin, and can thus prevent and possibly revert insulin resistance.
  • Medication – specific medications have been shown to be able to prevent type 2 diabetes. However, the disease can often be delayed through proper nutrition and regular exercise.[7]

Treating diabetes mellitus

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Low-carbohydrate diet

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Low-carbohydrate dietary programs

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Pancreatic islet cell replacement therapy

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  • VX-880, developed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals, is a stem cell-derived therapy for people with diabetes mellitus type 1.[10]
    • VX-880 involves replacement of non-functioning insulin-producing cells with transplanted functional cells. VX-880 is in clinical trials but has already resulted in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 achieving insulin independence.[11]

History of diabetes mellitus

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History of diabetes influence

Persons influential in relation to diabetes mellitus

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Shoback (2011). Gardner, David G. (ed.). Greenspan's basic & clinical endocrinology (9 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN 978-0-07-162243-1.
  2. ^ "Can Diabetes be Cured Naturally? - Diabetes Destroyer Review". Diabetes Destroyer Review. 2014-07-17. Retrieved 2017-05-11.
  3. ^ "Can Diabetes be Cured Naturally? | New Research to Cure Type 2 Diabetes- Start Reversing Today". curetype2diabetes.cf. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
  4. ^ "Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus". Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
  5. ^ Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Cotran, Ramzi S.; Robbins, Stanley L. (2005). Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders. pp. 1194–1195. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
  6. ^ Mayo Clinic Diabetes: "Prediabetes". [1]. Accessed Jan. 27, 2009.
  7. ^ Raina Elley C, Kenealy T (December 2008). "Lifestyle interventions reduced the long-term risk of diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance". Evid-Based Med. 13 (6): 173. doi:10.1136/ebm.13.6.173. PMID 19043031. S2CID 26714233.
  8. ^ Jamie Oliver's 2010 TED Talk: https://www.ted.com/talks/view/id/765
  9. ^ Canada's Health Food Guide, Reference Page: https://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/food-guide-aliment/index-eng.php
  10. ^ "A new therapy for treating Type 1 diabetes". Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI). 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
  11. ^ "Vertex Presents Positive, Updated VX-880 Results From Ongoing Phase 1/2 Study in Type 1 Diabetes at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 59th Annual Meeting". Business Wire. 2023-10-03. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
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