User:James.fout/sandbox
Somali patriotic Movement
The Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM, Somali: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed, Arabic: الحركة الوطنية الصومالية) was a major politico-military faction during the early years of the Somali Civil War. It was founded and commanded by Colonel Ahmed Omar Jess. Shurki Wayrax And Ahmed Hashi Kidhka Yoome In Jubaland region.
| Somali Patriotic Movement | |
|---|---|
| Leaders | SPM-Ogadeni
|
| Dates of operation | Unified: 1989–1992
SPM-Ogadeni: 1992–2004 SPM-Harti: 1992–2003 |
| Group(s) | Ogaden (SPM 'Ogadeni') led by Ahmed omar jees
And non-Ogaden (known as SPM 'Harti') led by General Aden Abdullahi Nur Gabyow
|
| Headquarters | Kismayo |
| Active regions | southern Somalia |
| Ideology | Anti-communism
Anti-Siad Barre |
| Allies | SSDF Before split: United Somali Congress (USC) |
| Opponents | SPM-Harti: Juba Valley Alliance (JVA) |
| Succeeded by
SPM-Ogadeni: joined Somali National Alliance (SNA) | |
However, after Barre's flight, when Ali Mahdi's Manifesto Group announced the formation of an "interim government" without consulting SPM leadership, a crisis ensued. After fighting broke out between the Manifesto Group supporters and the SPM, the SPM was accused of suddenly reversing direction and allied itself with Barre, who was seeking to reestablish his regime. This reversal was angrily resisted by many of the original Ogadeni, who split off into their own faction.
The SPM thus sundered into two tribal-oriented factions:
- SPM Absame, or SPM-SNA, under [[Ahmed Omar Jess]
- SPM Harti, under Aden Abdillahi Nur "Gabyow" (Himself from Ogaden Absame clan: Chairman) and General Mohamed Siad Hersi "Morgan" (Militia Commander)
On August 12, 1992, the SPM mainly Absame faction joined General SNA to form the Somali National Alliance. The SPM fractured along tribal lines, and massacres and ethnic cleansing began between the two rival factions, as well as their external enemies.
In 1998, the SPM (Harti/Absame) under General "Morgan", based out of Kismayo, founded the autonomous state of Jubaland. They were strenuously opposed by the Allied Somali Forces, which later became the Juba Valley Alliance. The SPM and ASF/JVA contended over the control of south Somalia until the JVA proved victorious, driving General "Morgan" into exile.