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Babbel[edit]

Since 2016, Babbel commissions the U.S. Captioning Company and the British Institute of Verbatim Reporters to identify the most mispronounced words in the US and UK.

Year Words of the Year (US) Words of the Year (UK) Words of the Year (CA)
2016
  • Bowie
  • Breitbart
  • cisgender
  • Marion Cotillard
  • Rattata
  • Roald Dahl
  • chaos
  • anyhoo
  • hyperbole
  • Pokemon
  • redacted
2017[1]
  • bokeh
  • coulrophobia
  • dotard
  • fibromyalgia
  • Gal Godot
  • Namimia
  • nuclear
  • Puerto Rico
  • Pyongyang
  • Weinstein
  • coulrophobia
  • Donald Tusk
  • dotard
  • IKEA
  • lagom
  • Mar-a-Lago
  • Pyongyang
  • Taoiseach
  • Weinstein
  • Wladimir Klitschko
  • buck-naked
  • Etobicoke
  • for all intents and purposes
  • Jagmeet Singh
  • Justin Smoak
  • lagom
  • Mark Scheifele
  • neck-and-neck
  • nuclear
  • on tenterhook
2018[2]
  • Beto O'Rouke
  • Brett Kavanaugh
  • Daniel Kaluuya
  • entomophagy
  • freekeh
  • Halapoulivaati Vaitai
  • Jamal Khashoggi
  • mukbang
  • Saoirse Ronan
  • Xhosa
  • coorie
  • Geraint Thomas
  • Huawei
  • Jamal Khashoggi
  • Nizhny Novgorod
  • Papoose
  • Princess Eugenie
  • Saoirse Ronan
  • specific
  • Ypres
  • Steven Mnuchin
  • USMCA
  • entomophagy
  • Felix Auger-Aliassime
  • Huawei
  • Jamal Khashoggi
  • Mi'kmaq
  • Nunavut
  • PyeongChang
  • Saoirse Ronan
2019[3]
  • Chernobyl
  • deter
  • Greta Thunberg
  • Megan Rapinoe
  • Notre Dame
  • Pete Buttigieg
  • Rami Malek
  • Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
  • Tekashi 6ix9ine
  • tokimeku
2021[4]
  • cheugy
  • dalgona
  • Dogecoin
  • Gina Coladangelo
  • Giorgio Chiellini
  • Keirin
  • Måneskin
  • Nusr-Et
  • Shein
  • Wellerman
2022
  • Adele
  • Chicxulub
  • Domhall Gleeson
  • Edinburgh
  • Negroni sbagliato
  • Novak Djokovic
  • Ohtani
  • Rishi Sunak
  • Tuanigamanuolepola (Tua) Tagovailoa
  • Zaporizhzia
  • Cyclone Batsirai
  • Carolean
  • CBeebies
  • Erling Haaland
  • Jeremy Hunt
  • Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai
  • Rishi Sunak
  • Sarina Wiegman
  • Taoiseach
  • Volodymyr Zelenskyy
2023
  • Popocatépetl
  • psammophile
  • Iam Tongi
  • Cillian Murphy
  • Vivek Ramaswamy
  • Choupette
  • Kīlauea
  • Travis Kelce
  • Stone of Scone
  • padam
  • Barbenheimer
  • Tom Wambsgans
  • Ozempic
  • ULEZ
  • nepo baby
  • Bharat
  • decels
  • Suella Braverman

Oxford[edit]

Year Word of the Year Shortlist
[5]
  • ad blocker
  • Brexit
  • Dark Web
  • lumbersexual
  • on fleek
  • refugee
  • sharing economy
  • they
post-truth [6]
  • adulting
  • alt-right
  • Brexiteer
  • chatbot
  • coulrophobia
  • glass cliff
  • hygge
  • Latinx
  • woke
2017 youthquake [7]
  • Antifa
  • broflake
  • gorpcore
  • kompromat
  • Milkshake Duck
  • newsjacking
  • unicorn
  • white fragility
2018 toxic [8]
  • big dick energy
  • cakeism
  • gammon
  • gaslighting
  • incel
  • orbiting
  • overtourism
  • techlash
2019 climate emergency
  • climate action
  • climate crisis
  • climate denial
  • eco-anxiety
  • ecocide
  • extinction
  • flight shame
  • global heating
  • net-zero
  • plant-based
2021 vax
2022 goblin mode
  • metaverse
  • #IStandWith
2023 rizz
  • prompt
  • situationship
  • Swiftie
  • beige flag
  • de-influencing
  • heat dome
  • parasocial
  1. ^ Babbel.com; GmbH, Lesson Nine. "Professional Captioners Reveal the Mispronounced Words of 2017". Babbel Magazine. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  2. ^ Babbel.com; GmbH, Lesson Nine. "Professional Captioners Reveal The Mispronounced Words Of 2018". Babbel Magazine. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  3. ^ Babbel.com; GmbH, Lesson Nine. "These Are America's Most Mispronounced Words Of 2019". Babbel Magazine. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  4. ^ Babbel.com; GmbH, Lesson Nine. "These Are The Most Mispronounced Words Of 2021". Babbel Magazine. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  5. ^ "Word of the Year 2015 - Shortlist | Oxford Languages". languages.oup.com. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  6. ^ "Word of the Year 2016 - Shortlist | Oxford Languages". languages.oup.com. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  7. ^ "Word of the Year 2017 - Shortlist | Oxford Languages". languages.oup.com. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  8. ^ "Word of the Year 2018 - Shortlist | Oxford Languages". languages.oup.com. Retrieved 2023-12-04.