User:AryamanA/Prakrit
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Sound Changes
[edit]Consonants
[edit]| Skr. | Ś. | Mh. | Mg. | Examples | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanskrit | Sauraseni | Maharastri | Magadhi | ||||
| C | CC | एक (eka, “one”) | एक्क (ekka) | ||||
| C | |||||||
| Ch | CCh | नख (nakha, “nose”) | णक्ख (ṇakkha) | ||||
| Ch | |||||||
| k | kh- | कुब्ज (kubja) | खुज्ज (khujja) | खुज्ज (khujja) | |||
| -∅-, -h- | लोक (loka, “world”) | लोअ (loa) | |||||
| kh | -h- | मुख (mukha, “mouth”) | मुह (muha) | ||||
| g | -∅- | युगल (yugala, “pair”) | जुअल (juala) | ||||
| gh | -h- | मेघ (megha, “cloud”) | मेह (meha) | ||||
| c | -∅- | प्रचुर (pracura, “many, plenty”) | पउर (paüra) | ||||
| j | -∅- | j | भोजन (bhojana, “meal”) | भोअण (bhoaṇa) | |||
| jh | yh | झटिति (jhaṭiti, “instantly”) | य्हत्ति (yhatti) | ||||
| ṭ | -ḍ- | -ḷ- | शकट (śakaṭa, “cart”) | सअड (saaḍa) | शअळ (śaaḷa) | ||
| ṭh | ḍh | -ḍh-? | पठन (paṭhana, “studying”) | पढण (paḍhaṇa) | |||
| t | -∅- | रसातल (rasātala, “hell”) | रसाअल (rasāala) | ||||
| -d- | -∅- | -d- | प्राकृत (prākṛta, “original, unrefined; Prakrit”) | पाउद (pāuda) | पाउअ (pāua) | ||
| th | -dh- | -h- | -dh- | अथ (atha) | अध (adha) | अह (aha) | |
| d | -∅- | हृदय (hṛdaya, “heart”) | हिअअ (hiaa) | ||||
| dh | -h- | रुधिर (rudhira) | रुहिर (ruhira) | ||||
| n | ṇ | मनोरथ (manoratha, “desire, want”) | मणोरध (maṇoradha) | मणोरह (maṇoraha) | |||
| p | ph- | p- | पनस (panasa) | फणस (phaṇasa) | पणस (paṇasa) | ||
| v | अपर (apara, “following”) | अवर (avara) | |||||
| ph | -h- | ||||||
| ph[C 1] | चित्रफलक (citraphalaka, “painting”) | चित्तफलअ (cittaphalaa) | |||||
| b | v | शबर (śabara) | सवर (savara) | ||||
| bh | -h- | ||||||
| bh | h-[C 2] | भवति (bhavati, “to become”) | भोदि (bhodi) | होइ (hoi) | |||
| y | j | y | यथा (yathā, “so, thus”) | जधा (jadhā) | यधा (yadhā) | ||
| -∅- | प्रिय (priya, “darling”) | पिअ (pia) | |||||
| r | r, l | l | राजानः (rājānaḥ, “kings”) | लाआणो (lāāṇo) | |||
| ś | s | ś | |||||
| ṣ | |||||||
| s | [Term?] | भविस्सदि (bhavissadi) | भविश्शदि (bhaviśśadi) | ||||
- Notes
Conjuncts
[edit]| Skr. | Ś. | Mh. | Mg. | Examples | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanskrit | Sauraseni | Maharastri | Magadhi | ||||
| dy | jj | yy | अद्य (adya, “now”) | अज्ज (ajja) | अय्य (ayya) | ||
| rj | |||||||
| ry | |||||||
| dyh | jjh | yyh | |||||
| ñy | ṇṇ | ññ | |||||
| ny | |||||||
| jñ | |||||||
| ñj | |||||||
References
[edit]- Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917.
- E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa[1], London: Trübner & Co.