Nobelyo

Nobelium, ₁₀₂No
Nobelium
Pronunciation	/noʊˈbiːliəm/; (noh-BEE-lee-əm); /noʊˈbɛliəm/; (noh-BEL-ee-əm);
Mass number	[259]
Nobelium in the periodic table
	mendelevium ← nobelium → lawrencium
Atomic number (Z)	102
Group	n/a
Period	7
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f14 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid (predicted)
Melting point	1100 K (800 °C, 1500 °F) (predicted)
Density (near r.t.)	9.9(4) g/cm3 (predicted)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +3
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.3 (predicted)
Ionization energies	1st: 639 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1254.3 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 2605.1 kJ/mol ; (all but first estimated);
Other properties
Natural occurrence	sintetiko
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc) ; (predicted)
CAS Number	10028-14-5
History
Naming	after Alfred Nobel
Discovery	Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (1965)
Isotopes of nobelium t; b;
β+45%	253Md
β+10%	254Md
β+39%	255Md
β+1%	257Md
ε25%	259Md
SF<10%	–
	Kategorya: Nobelium; tingnan; usapan; baguhin; \| references

Ang nobelyo o nobelyum (Kastila: nobelio, Ingles: nobelium, may sagisag na No, atomikong bilang na 102, isotopikong mga masang 252, 253, 254, 255, at 256, mga kalahating-buhay na 4.5, 95, 75, 180, at 8 mga segundo) ay isang sintetikong elementong radyoaktibo at trans-uranikong matatagpuan sa mga seryeng aktinido. Unang nakilala ito nang tama ng mga siyentipiko noong 1956 o 1958.^[6] Natuklasan ito nina A Ghiorso, T Sikkeland, J Walton at GT Seaborg. Natuklasan ito sa Laboratoryo ng mga Reaksiyong Nuklear ng Flerov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions sa Ingles) sa Dubna, Rusya. Kaunti lamang ang nalalaman ang tungkol sa elementong ito ngunit may limitadong bilang mga eksperimentong kimikal ang nagpakitang bumubuo ito ng matatag na dibalenteng iyono (divalent ion), maging ng prediktado o inaasahang tribalenteng iyono (trivalent ion) na may kaugnayan sa pag-iral nito bilang isa sa mga aktinoyd. Nagbuhat ang pangalang nobelyo at nobelyum mula sa Suwisong kimikong si Alfred Nobel.

Mga sanggunian

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Lide, David R., pat. (2003). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-84th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0484-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Fournier, Jean-Marc (1976). "Bonding and the electronic structure of the actinide metals". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 37 (2): 235–244. Bibcode:1976JPCS...37..235F. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(76)90167-0.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Dean, John A., pat. (1999). Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (ika-15 (na) edisyon). McGraw-Hill. Section 4; Table 4.5, Electronegativities of the Elements.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Sato, Tetsuya K.; Asai, Masato; Borschevsky, Anastasia; Beerwerth, Randolf; Kaneya, Yusuke; Makii, Hiroyuki; Mitsukai, Akina; Nagame, Yuichiro; Osa, Akihiko; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuki; Sakama, Minoru; Takeda, Shinsaku; Ooe, Kazuhiro; Sato, Daisuke; Shigekawa, Yudai; Ichikawa, Shin-ichi; Düllmann, Christoph E.; Grund, Jessica; Renisch, Dennis; Kratz, Jens V.; Schädel, Matthias; Eliav, Ephraim; Kaldor, Uzi; Fritzsche, Stephan; Stora, Thierry (25 Oktubre 2018). "First Ionization Potentials of Fm, Md, No, and Lr: Verification of Filling-Up of 5f Electrons and Confirmation of the Actinide Series". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 140 (44): 14609–14613. doi:10.1021/jacs.8b09068.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Gaboy, Luciano L. Nobelium, nobelyum, nobelyo, No; ayon sa sangguniang ito, natuklasan ito noong 1958 - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

Maling banggit (May <ref> tag na ang grupong "lower-alpha", pero walang nakitang <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag para rito); $2

[CRC2003-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Lide, David R., pat. (2003). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-84th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0484-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[density-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Fournier, Jean-Marc (1976). "Bonding and the electronic structure of the actinide metals". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 37 (2): 235–244. Bibcode:1976JPCS...37..235F. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(76)90167-0.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[4] Dean, John A., pat. (1999). Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (ika-15 (na) edisyon). McGraw-Hill. Section 4; Table 4.5, Electronegativities of the Elements.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[5] Sato, Tetsuya K.; Asai, Masato; Borschevsky, Anastasia; Beerwerth, Randolf; Kaneya, Yusuke; Makii, Hiroyuki; Mitsukai, Akina; Nagame, Yuichiro; Osa, Akihiko; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuki; Sakama, Minoru; Takeda, Shinsaku; Ooe, Kazuhiro; Sato, Daisuke; Shigekawa, Yudai; Ichikawa, Shin-ichi; Düllmann, Christoph E.; Grund, Jessica; Renisch, Dennis; Kratz, Jens V.; Schädel, Matthias; Eliav, Ephraim; Kaldor, Uzi; Fritzsche, Stephan; Stora, Thierry (25 Oktubre 2018). "First Ionization Potentials of Fm, Md, No, and Lr: Verification of Filling-Up of 5f Electrons and Confirmation of the Actinide Series". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 140 (44): 14609–14613. doi:10.1021/jacs.8b09068.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[NUBASE2020-6] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Gaboy-7] Gaboy, Luciano L. Nobelium, nobelyum, nobelyo, No; ayon sa sangguniang ito, natuklasan ito noong 1958 - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

[6]